Microphytobenthos-macrofauna sediment interactions and their effects on sediment erodability were examined in laboratory experiments. Sediment beds were manipulated in a tidal mesocosm to produce diatom mats in exponential or in stationary phases of development after 6, 8 or 11 d of culture. These sediment beds were used in flume experiments to investigate the influence of bioturbation by the g...

Pyrethroids are commonly used insecticides in both agricultural and urban environments. Recent studies showed that surface runoff facilitated transport of pyrethroids to surface streams, probably by sediment movement. Sediment contamination by pyrethroids is of concern due to their wide-spectrum aquatic toxicity. In this study, we characterized the spatial distribution and persistence of bifent...

Sediment is the greatest pollutant of forest streams. In the absence of wildfire, forest road networks are usually the main source of sediment in forest watersheds. An understanding of forest road erosion processes is important to aid in predicting sediment delivery from roads to streams. The flowpath followed by runoff is the key to understanding road erosion processes. On rutted roads, the fl...

Benthic primary producers play a key role in regulating carbon and nutrient turnover in shallow-water coastal areas. Macroalgal (MA) mats, which persist from months to over a year, consist of fast-growing filamentous or sheet-like algae on the sediment or floating at the water surface. Benthic microalgal mats (microphytobenthos, MPB), which occur throughout the year, are mostly dominated by dia...

This study assessed copper and zinc distribution in the surface layer of sediment and rhizome tissue within the saturated surface vertical flow constructed wetland of CSBP Ltd, a fertiliser and chemical manufacturer located in Western Australia. Sediment and Schoenoplectus validus rhizome samples were collected at various distances from the inlet pipe while water samples are routinely collected...

Grain-size distributions of bed material sediment in large alluvial rivers are required in various scientific and management applications, but characterizing gravel beds in navigable rivers is hampered by difficulties in sediment extraction. The newly developed and preliminarily tested sampler reported here can extract sediment from a range of riverbeds. The 36 × 23 × 28 cm stainless steel toot...

Arsenic (As) fractions in the sediments of seven lakes from East Plain Ecoregion and six lakes from Yungui Plateau Ecoregion, China, were investigated. Results indicated that the total As concentrations in sediment samples of lakes of the East Plain Lake Ecoregion are higher than those of Yungui Plateau Lake Ecoregion. Residual As is the main fraction in sediment samples of lakes from both ecor...

The eddy correlation technique has become a widely used approach to measure ecosystem scale fluxes in aquatic benthic environments; however, there are few theoretical studies designed to guide deployment planning, the characterization of flux variability, or how to correctly interpret measured fluxes. Here, a three-dimensional numerical model for the turbulent transport and mixing in the near-b...

Escherichia coli are widely used as indicators of fecal contamination, and in some cases to identify host sources of fecal contamination in surface water. Prevalence, genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility were determined for 600 generic E. coli isolates obtained from surface water and sediment from creeks and channels along the middle Santa Ana River (MSAR) watershed of southern Ca...

Quantitative estimates of past temperature changes are a cornerstone of paleoclimatology. For a number of marine sediment-based proxies, the accuracy and precision of past temperature reconstructions depends on a spatial calibration of modern surface sediment measurements to overlying water temperatures. Here, we present a database of 1095 surface sediment measurements of TEX86, a temperature p...