purpose: patterned breathing allows standardized serial measurements of heart rate variability and baroreflex indices. the slow breathing augments these parameters, and regular exercises, including yoga breathing practices with even respiratory rates have long-term beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases. the role of temporization of breathing phases, i.e. the ratio of expiration to inspi...

Introduction: The kidneys are highly vascular organs, receiving 25% of the body’s cardiac output, while weighing a mere 1% of the body’s mass [1]. Most of this output is used to promote filtration of blood, an imperative process in the body’s maintenance of homeostasis. As a consequence, they can become compromised and in many diseases hypoxic, potentially leading to acute renal failure (ARF) [...

PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that breathing carbogen (95% O2-5% CO2) oxygenates the inner retina better than breathing 100% oxygen using an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method that noninvasively measures inner retinal oxygenation in normal adult and newborn rats. METHODS Urethane-anesthetized adult and newborn (day 18) rats were studied. Sequential images were acquired in room air combi...

As the carrier of genetic information, DNA is the template and substrate in many fundamental biological reactions, including replication, transcription, DNA repair, recombination, and remodeling. It is now well accepted that the power of DNA in controlling gene expression is not limited to the actual genetic codes contained in DNA sequence. Compared with the well-documented chemical modificatio...

s:1640:"Background: Surrogacy is one of the most controversial procedures in infertility treatment. Despite increasing of using this technology in Iran, there are few practical data about surrogacy. There isn't any study assessing experiences of commissioning mothers about surrogate mother selection. The purpose of this study was exploring of commissioning mothers' experiences in sele...

Bodily self-consciousness depends on the processing of interoceptive and exteroceptive signals. It can be disrupted by inducing signal conflicts. Breathing, at the crossroad between interoception and exteroception, should contribute to bodily self-consciousness. We induced visuo-respiratory conflicts in 17 subjects presented with a virtual body or a parallelepidedal object flashing synchronousl...

INTRODUCTION: Just about everyone has noticed that snorers sleep with their mouths open; and, what's more, many sleep clinicians have observed that the jaw animates during sleep-disordered breathing events. Mandible position and activity during sleep has long been a subject of interest. In 1991 Hollowell and Suratt demonstrated that the jaws of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are mo...

To investigate the interindividual differences in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), recordings of ventilation and electrocardiogram were obtained from 12 healthy subjects for five imposed breathing periods (T(TOT)) surrounding each individual's spontaneous breathing period. In addition to the spectral analysis of the R-R interval signal at each breathing period, RSA characteristics were quant...