* Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and Excellent Young Teacher Foundation of Education Ministry of China. Abstract One of the key problems with current interactive virtual environments is real-time collision detection. In this paper, a parallel algorithm for realtime, exact collision detection is presented. The approach adopts a hierarchical adaptive space subdivision s...

This paper presents the design, analysis, and prototyping of a novel axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) motor capable of auto-starting. The preliminary design is a slot-less double-sided solid-rotor line-start AFPM motor with 4 poles for high torque density and stable rotation. One spaced raised ring was added to the inner radii of the rotor disc for smooth line-start motor. The design allows t...

This paper applies new maximum-power-point tracking (MPPT) algorithm to a hybrid renewable energy system that combines both Wind-Turbine Generator (WTG) and Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Module ( SPVM). In this paper, the WTG is a direct-drive system and includes wind turbine, three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator, three-phase full bridge rectifier, and buck-bust converter, while the SPV...

The Current Source Converter (CSC) technology is well suited for high power wind energy applications. Because it drives generally features like simple converter structure, smooth power injection at the grid side and excellent short circuit protection. The main drawback lays its dynamic torque response. An improved Direct Torque Control (DTC) method is proposed in this paper to overcome this dra...

This paper presents the modeling, rapid control prototyping, and hardware-in-the-loop testing for real-time simulation and control of a grid-connected doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in a laboratory-size wind turbine emulator for wind energy conversion systems. The generator is modeled using the direct-quadrature rotating reference frame circuit along with the aligned stator flux, and the...

We show that when a moving object suddenly reverses direction, there is a brief, synchronous burst of firing within a population of retinal ganglion cells. This burst can be driven by either the leading or trailing edge of the object. The latency is constant for movement at different speeds, objects of different size, and bright versus dark contrasts. The same ganglion cells that signal a motio...

In this paper, the reactive power control of a variable speed permanent-magnet synchronous wind generator with a matrix converter at the grid side is improved. A generalized modulation technique based on singular value decomposition of the modulation matrix is used to model different modulation techniques and investigate their corresponding input reactive power capability. Based on this modulat...

Here we present supplementary information for the article ”How perceived threat increases synchronization in collectively moving animal groups” in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 1 Theoretical methods 1.1 Justification for asynchronous updating scheme Asynchronous updates are integral to our model. Consider a synchronous analogue of our model in which all individuals update at the same ...

We investigate computational models with stabilizing properties. Such models include e.g. the partially synchronous model [Dwork et al. 1988], where after some unknown global stabilization time the system complies to bounds on computing speeds and message delays, or the asynchronous model augmented with unreliable failure detectors [Chandra et al. 1996], where after some unknown global stabiliz...

In this paper we proposes a new control strategy for an interior permanent magnet synchronous generator-based(IPMSG) variable speed wind turbine. In this scheme, the requirement of the continuous rotor position is eliminated as all the calculations are done in the stator reference frame.. The direct control scheme with fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is simpler and can eliminate some of the drawba...