Elevation of glucocorticoid (GC) hormone levels is an integral part of stress response (as well as its termination) and immunomodulation. These hormones are also responsible for mobilizing energy stores by stimulation of gluconeogenesis and inhibition of protein synthesis. Elevation of GCs is thus incompatible with other protein-demanding processes, such as moult. Previous studies have shown th...

We determined the effect of insulin and/or recombinant human (rh)IGF-I infusion on ovine fetal phenylalanine kinetics, protein synthesis, and phenylalanine accretion. The chronically catheterized fetal lamb model was used at 130 days gestation. All studies were performed while fetal glucose and amino acid concentrations were held constant. Experimental infusates were 1). saline, 2). rhIGF-I plu...

The effect of various hormones on regucalcin mRNA expression in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro was investigated. Cells with subconfluency were cultured for 24 or 48 h in a medium containing either vehicle or various hormones without fetal bovine serum. Regucalcin mRNA expression was significantly increased after culture with parathyroid hormone (synthetic human PTH; 10(-7) M), insulin-lik...

We investigated the relationship between glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones, and outer ring and inner ring deiodinases (ORD and IRD) during embryonic development in the saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus). We treated the embryos with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex), 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T(3)), and a combination of these two hormones (Dex + T(3)). The effects of these tr...

In recent years there has been an increasing focus on the potential public health risks attached to human enhancement drugs (HEDs). While much work explored use and supply of HEDs, market for these compounds is constantly evolving, with new substances being created sold, access becoming increasingly simplified through digital platforms. However, one area that yet receive scholarly attention ava...

background disturbances in lipid metabolism which occur during hypothyroidism lead to the formation of gallstones. this study aims to evaluate the thyroid function pattern in patients with common bile duct (cbd) stones. methods this case-control study recruited 151 patients with preliminary diagnoses of cbd stone who underwent ercp (cases). the control group comprised healthy people who met the...