Cephalometric analyses using computer software have more advantages than manual analyses. However, the software should be evaluated for the accuracy and reproducibility before it can be used. The aims of the present study were: 1) to compare the differences in accuracy and precision between utilizing scanned images and soft copy images with the software 2) to assess the reproducibility of softw...

BACKGROUND The authors conducted a study aimed to assess the awareness and attitude among dental students and residents at King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry (KAUFD) toward using dental magnification. METHODS An e-questionnaire was formulated then sent to dental students and residents (n = 651). The questionnaire included questions that assessed both the awareness and attitude to...

A distinct body of literature supports the association between clinical postures of the dental practitioner and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMD). Several aids or devices have been tested to improve clinical posture in the interest of decreasing WRMD. The use of magnification lenses while performing dental procedures may increase the quality of work and decrease the likelihood of mu...

Novel technologies that could complement current histopathology based cancer diagnostic methods are under examination. In this endeavour mid-infrared spectroscopic imaging is a promising candidate that can provide valuable bio-molecular information from unstained cells and tissues in a rapid and a non-destructive manner. With this imaging technique, the biochemical information obtained from sma...

We consider the effect of lensing magnification on high redshift sources in the case that magnification varies on the sky, as expected in wide fields of view or within observed galaxy clusters. We give expressions for number counts, flux and flux variance as integrals over the probability distribution of the magnification. We obtain these through a simple mapping between averages over the obser...

Purpose: To demonstrate the corneal magnification using trypan blue in cataract surgery. Methods: Eight eyes of eight patients undergoing phacoemulsification with an intraocular lens implantation were enrolled in this study. After staining the anterior capsule with Trypan Blue 0.1% and performing the capsulorhexis, the excised anterior capsule was placed on the corneal surface. By observing and...

Polycapillary x-ray optics provide an innovative new way to control x-ray beams. Placing these optics after the object to be imaged provides very efficient rejection of Compton scatter, while allowing image magnification without loss of resolution, image demagnification, or image shaping to match with digital detectors. An extensive study of the effects of surface and profile defects have great...

Vision researchers base their work on assumptions that lenses behave ideally. In practice the image formation process is complex and camera lenses have many non-ideal behaviors that can cause problems in simple vision tasks like color image analysis and range from focus. For example, unlike the ideal lens the refractive power of a real lens is actually a function of wavelength. This means that ...

We study the statistical properties of magnification perturbations by substructures in strong lensed systems using linear perturbation theory and an analytical substructure model including tidal truncation and a continuous substructure mass spectrum. We demonstrate that magnification perturbations are dominated by perturbers found within roughly a tidal radius of an image, and that sizable magn...