BACKGROUND We aimed to study T-helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 intracellular cytokine expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes of women with recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) or infertility with multiple implantation failures after IVF cycles. METHODS Twenty-six women with three or more RSA and 23 with two or more IVF failures (14 with no history of spontaneous abortion (SAB) and nine with more ...

Helper T cells play a crucial role in the induct ion and amplification of humoral and T cell-mediated immune responses in man. For example, helper T cells are absolutely required for the polyclonal immunoglobul in response triggered by pokeweed mitogen (PWM) (1) as well as for antigen-specific an t ibody responses to virus (2), soluble proteins (3), hapten (4), and heterologous erythrocytes (5)...

Dysfunction of the immune system in colorectal cancer (CRC) can be due to a number of reasons including apoptosis of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The aims of this study were to characterize, phenotypically, the apoptosis of TILs in CRC, and define the association of these findings with prognostic indicators. We used double immunohistochemistry to assess the apoptosis of T-cell subset...

Background Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary malignant bone tumour, mainly affects children in the first and second decade of life. Causes of the disease are still unknown and reaction of the immune system on its development is very individual. Specific antigen-dependent cellular immunity plays an important role in this process. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, NK , NKT and Tgδ lymphocytes are ...

The HIV-1 regulatory proteins Rev and Tat are expressed early in the virus life cycle and thus may be important targets for the immune control of HIV-1-infection and for effective vaccines. However, the extent to which these proteins are targeted in natural HIV-1 infection as well as precise epitopes targeted by human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) remain to be defined. In the present study, 57 ...

To investigate whether autoantibodies against CD4-positive lymphocytes might induce helper dysfunction, autoantibody formation and T-cell function was examined simultaneously in 61 hemophilia patients. Twenty patients were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative, 26 HIV-positive stage CDC II or III, and 15 were HIV-positive stage CDC IV. T lymphocytes, CD4-positive, or CD8-positive T subset...

The B lymphocyte subpopulations producing immunoglobulin (Ig)E and the regulatory T cells modulating this IgE production in normals, and in atopic patients with respiratory allergy, atopic dermatitis, and markedly elevated serum IgE levels (>5,000 ng/ml), were investigated. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were separated into T and B cell fractions and the ability of B cells to produce IgE in...

A mouse melanoma (B16) antigen was investigated at a cellular level by three blocking experiments using monoclonal antimelanoma antibodies, soluble melanoma antigen, and enzyme-treated B16 melanoma cells as inhibitors. The activity of antimelanoma cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) was specifically reduced by addition of the mixture of two monoclonal antimelanoma antibodies, one (M2590) recognizing ...

The specificities of cloned cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) were studied for the analysis of CTL populations generated against murine leukemia viruses (MuLV) in H-2 congenic BALB/c (H-2d) and BALB.B (H-2b) mice. In particular, CTL generated in response to tumors induced by Gross MuLV and Friend MuLV were studied; these tumors expressed virus-induced antigens that do not cross-react and that can b...

Objective(s):Pentoxifylline is an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agent and is used in vascular disorders. It has been shown that pentoxifylline inhibits proinflammatory [d1] cytokines production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of pentoxifylline on the treatment of autoimmune diabetes in mice. Materials and Methods: Diabetes was induced by multiple l...