Ullage washing is an efficient inerting method to keep the ullage oxygen concentration under safe value, thus reducing hazard and loss of fire explosion aircraft fuel tanks. In conventional model washing, initial derivatives that are used solve differential equations selected subjectively by researchers empirical select influences accuracy result. Therefore, this paper proposes analytical algor...

FLUENT and EDEM were applied to simulate liquid–solid coupling in a 3D homogenous fluidization. The dynamics of destabilization the granular material immersed by homogeneous fluidization observed. effect initial packing density stack rate on fluidization’s transient regime, configuration particles fluidized bed variation height analyzed discussed. According results, there was an original observ...

Potential adaptive wake vortex spacing systems may need to rely on wake vortex decay rather than wake vortex transport in reducing wake separations. Awake vortex takeoff-spacing system in particular will need to rely on wake decay. Ambient turbulence is the primary influence on wake decay away from the ground. This study evaluated 18 months of ambient turbulence measurements at Dallas/F't. Wort...

In this work, a trajectory tracking control design is proposed for the planar vertical takeoff and landing (PVTOL) aircraft using linear algebra theory. The resulting control law is implemented easily since the equation to be solved is not complex. The tracking is achieved providing convergence of the tracking errors to zero, and simulation results show the good performance of the proposed cont...

Visible (VIS)-light and thermal infrared (IR) inferior mirages in the 8-14 μm waveband have been observed simultaneously for the takeoff and landing of various airplanes at distances of several kilometers. Similarities as well as differences between the VIS and IR mirages are discussed.

The kinematic flexibility of frog hindlimbs enables multiple locomotor modes within a single species. Prior work has extensively explored maximum performance capacity in frogs; however, the mechanisms by which anurans modulate performance within locomotor modes remain unclear. We explored how Kassina maculata, a species known for both running and jumping abilities, modulates takeoff angle from ...

BACKGROUND A valgus lower limb alignment has been noted during noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. A video drop-jump test can indicate an athlete's ability to control lower limb axial alignment in the coronal plane. HYPOTHESES Female athletes have decreased knee separation distances on landing and acceleration; male athletes have a neutrally aligned lower limb position. A neuromus...

In this paper, a robust control strategy applied on a small helicopter is proposed. An approximate small-scale helicopter model with decoupled dynamics is adopted for the controller design which uses the backstepping method based on the Lyapunov function. The Lyapunov function is used to show the robustness of the proposed control method under conditions of wind gusts. Finally simulation result...