The different measureable variables in a process are often interrelated to the extent that knowledge of an intermediate variable could be used beneficially to control a primary process variable. One example is a flow of water entering a tank in which the level is to be controlled. Controlling the incoming flow with a control valve certainly has a direct effect on the level of water in the tank....

The current work presents a computationally cost-effective numerical model that successfully simulates heat pump water heater (HPWH) under typical working conditions of dwellings. model’s main components are stratified tank and the heat-pump unit. Both systems coupled, since good prediction temperature is needed to accurately predict performance. Ten thermocouples measured wall temperature. Mea...

elevated water tanks as one of the main lifeline elements are the structures of high importance. since they are extremely vulnerable under lateral forces, their serviceability performance during and after strong earthquakes is a matter of concern. as such, in recent years, the seismic behavior of water tanks has been the focus of a significant amount of studies. in the present work, three reinf...

A calculus problem arising in the operation of a storage tank for a chemical processing plant is described. Constructing an appropriate gauge for the storage tank requires computing the volume of water residing inside a tilted cylindrical pipe. The following calculus problem arose in the engineering design of a storage tank facility, and is possibly more interesting and challenging for students...

A theoretical analysis based on some design considerations for surge tanks is carried out. The effects of different parameters such as the friction losses coefficient and the surge tank cross-sectional area on the water surface oscillations tank and the total discharge are investigated. System of non-linear ordinary differential equations are numerically solved and manipulated. Results show tha...

Hydroelectric power plants’ open-type surge tanks may be built in mountains subject to the provision of atmospheric air. Hence, a ventilation tunnel is indispensable. The air flow in the ventilation tunnel is associated with the fluctuation of water-level in the surge tank. There is a great relationship between the wind speed and the safe use and project investment of ventilation tunnels. To ob...

Solar radiation is harnessed as an alternative energy source for numerous industrial and domestic applications. Currently, apart from space heating, air-conditioning lightning, solar water heating (SWH) systems have a widespread usage applications in both sectors. The major issue with that the transmission efficiency low so heat transfer augmentation methods can be used to improve thermal perfo...

Many communities along the US-Mexico border remain without infrastructure for water and sewage. Residents in these communities often collect and store their water in open 55-gallon drums. This study evaluated changes in drinking water quality resulting from an intervention that provided large closed water storage tanks (2,500-gallons) to individual homes lacking a piped water supply. After the ...