T he extraction and processing of Canada’s massive oil sands in the Athabasca region of northern Alberta have been marked by an ongoing controversy about the nature and extent of associated environmental impacts. Impacts include habitat destruction and fragmentation by surface mining and tailings disposal, depletion of water resources, greenhouse gas and chemical emissions, and the impacts of e...

Twenty-five years ago, cigarette smokers in the United Kingdom smoked plain cigarettes with an average tar yield of probably about 35 mg. Now smokers predominantly smoke filter cigarettes and average tar yields have been reduced by half. Epidemiological evidence comparing mortality in smokers of differing types of cigarettes is reviewed. Compared with smokers of higher tar plain cigarettes, smo...

We considered small-scale measurement of permeability in pebbly sands having coarser grains supported in a finer grained matrix (fine packing). Our central question was whether air-based measurements are representative if made with a permeameter tip seal pressed in the sand matrix. We created pebbly sands and variably sorted sands, with systematic variation in aspects of their fine packing. We ...

Waste molding and core sands from the foundry industry are successfully being used around the world in geotechnical and soil-related applications. Although waste foundry sands (WFSs) are generally not hazardous in nature, relevant data is currently not available in Argentina. This study aimed to quantify metals in waste molding and core sands from foundries using a variety of metal-binder combi...

Gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), elemental analysis, infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), thermal analysis (TG/DTA), Rock-Eval pyrolysis, as well as viscosity and density analysis revealed that oil sands from Qaidam basin, Qinghai Province of China, are highly concentrated in light components (£C23), with saturate...

In the present work, the air-steam biomass gasification model with tar has been developed based on the equilibrium constants. The simulation results based on two different models (with and without tar) have been validated by the experimental data. The model with tar can well predict the tar content in gasification; meanwhile, the predicted gas yield (GY), based on the model with tar, is much cl...

Figure 31 TEM micrographs of water borne polymer nanocomposite (WB PNC) emulsions.49 Figure 34 The reaction of an isocyanate with a compound containing hydroxyl functionality results in the formation of a polyurethane.. Introduction Coal tar is derived from crude coke oven tar that is a by-product of the combustion of coal in steel manufacturing. The crude coke oven tar is then refined, through...

Leaching of Arsenic from high Arsenic loaded iron oxide impregnated brick sands (IOI CBCM) was investigated using common household chemicals like common salt and soda ash, the industrial chemicals caustic soda and the phosphates used as fertilizers such as potassium hydrogen phosphate and TSP. Leaching by ordinary ground water was also investigated on the arsenic saturated iron oxide impregnate...

D. Nowak, M. Stachowicz, K. Granat, M. Pigiel. Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland The paper presents a semi-industrial reactor designed for microwave utilization of waste moulds and cores made of moulding sands prepared in furane resin technology. It was found that a possibility exists of eff ective incinerating this way prepared residues of cores separated from moulding sands or...

Coal tar is an effective treatment for psoriasis and eczema, but it contains several carcinogenic compounds. Occupational and animal studies have shown an increased risk of cancer after exposure to coal tar. Many dermatologists have abandoned this treatment for safety reasons, although the risk of cancer after coal tar in dermatological practice is unclear. This large cohort study included 13,2...