This study addressed the possibility of forming of co-amorphous systems between clozapine (CZ) and various carboxylic acid plasticizers (CAPs). The aim was to improve the solubility and oral bioavailability of clozapine. Co-amorphous dispersions were prepared using modified solvent evaporation methodology at drug/plasticizer stoichiometric ratios of 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2. Solid state characterizat...

Silicon (Si) is the most abundant element present in the Earth's crust besides oxygen. However, the exact biological roles of silicon remain unknown. Moreover, the ortho-silicic acid (H4SiO4), as a major form of bioavailable silicon for both humans and animals, has not been given adequate attention so far. Silicon has already been associated with bone mineralization, collagen synthesis, skin, h...

PURPOSES The aim of this study was to analyse clinical data of children undergoing orthokeratology (ortho-k) and to investigate patients'/parents' perspective on ortho-k via telephone interviews. METHODS Clinical records of children undergoing ortho-k from a university optometry clinic were reviewed and the effects of ortho-k on refraction, vision and cornea were investigated. A telephone int...

We study orthogonal drawings of 4-planar graphs on cylinders—so called ortho-radial drawings. Equivalently these can be regarded as drawings on an ortho-radial grid formed by concentric circles and rays from the center of these circles but excluding the center itself. Ortho-radial drawings form a proper extension of orthogonal drawings in the plane. We present ortho-radial representations as a ...

the amount and consistency of the applied forces to the tooth are important factors in tooth movements; therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the initial force and the force loss of three brands of elastics in 24 hours.in this in-vitro study sixty non-latex elastics (3/16 medium) from three companies (forestadent, dentaurum and ortho technology) were randomly selected. two static test...

BACKGROUND Women of childbearing age represent a growing proportion of people living with HIV. Preventing pregnancy is important in HIV-infected women receiving efavirenz as part of their antiretroviral therapy. METHODS The effects of coadministration of efavirenz (600 mg once daily) on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the active components (ethinyl estradiol [EE] and 17-deacetyl norgestimate [NG...

We discuss the ratio of orthoto para-H2 in photodissociation regions (PDRs). We draw attention to an apparent confusion in the literature between the ortho-to-para ratio of molecules in FUV-pumped vibrationally excited states, and the total H2 ortho-to-para abundance ratio. These ratios are not the same because the process of FUV-pumping of fluorescent H2 emission in PDRs occurs via optically t...

Nitration of N-acetyl anilides using a simple combination AgNO3 and K2S2O8 as stable nitro source an oxidant, respectively, was explored. The reaction practical to operate proceeded under considerably mild conditions (reflux in acetonitrile) within acceptable time (6 h). para-substituted gave only ortho-nitrated products moderate good yields (30–63% yields). ortho-, meta-, or non-substituted mi...

Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance (ATR) mode was used for quantifying ethanol, sucrose, and tartaric acid in alcoholic beverages. One hundred synthetic samples were prepared with different ethanol, sucrose, and tartaric acid concentrations. Experiments were carried out on Bio-Rad 175 C FTS using an ATR accessory. Spectra were recorded in the wavelength region 600-4...

The title hydrated mol-ecular salt, C4H12N+·C4H5O6-·H2O, was prepared by deprotonation of enanti-opure l-tartaric acid with racemic sec-butyl-amine in water. Only one enanti-omer was observed crystallographically, resulting from the combination of (S)-sec-butyl-amine with l-tartaric acid. The sec-butyl-ammonium moiety is disordered over two conformations related by rotation around the CH-CH2 bo...