The effects of a single intraperitoneal injection of a non-metabolizable glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG, 500 mg/kg) on the levels of beta-APP expression, and phosphorylated and unphosphorylated tau protein in the rat cerebral cortex were investigated. The effects of 2-DG on the ultrastructure of cortical neurons with particular emphasis on the morphology of the Golgi apparatus, and on brai...

Ultrasound of the Cervix—Techniques Initial attempts at evaluating the cervix used transabdominal ultrasound (TAU). Unfortunately, this technique was found to be imperfect, because of (1) fetal parts obscuring the cervix, especially after 20 weeks, (2) the requirement of bladder filling, which can elongate the cervix and mask funneling, and (3) long distance from the probe to the cervix. Transl...

Although T Tauri is one of the most studied young objects in astronomy, the nature of its circumstellar environment remains elusive due, in part, to the small angular separation of its three components (North-South and South a-b are separated by 0.68” and 0.12” respectively). Taking advantage of incredibly stable, high Strehl, PSFs obtained with Mid-IR adaptive optics at the 6.5 meter MMT, we a...

In this paper an automatic multiscale feature-based rigid-body coregistration technique for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) based on the local curvature kappa and torsion tau of the white matter (WM) fiber pathways is presented. As a similarity measure, the mean squared difference (MSD) of corresponding fiber pathways in (kappa, tau)-space is chosen. After the MSD is minimized along the arc leng...

Hyperphosphorylated tau proteins accumulate in the paired helical filaments of neurofibrillary tangles seen in such tauopathies as Alzheimer's disease. In the present paper we show that tau turnover is dependent on degradation by the proteasome (inhibited by MG132) in HT22 neuronal cells. Recombinant human tau was rapidly degraded by the 20 S proteasome in vitro, but tau phosphorylation by GSK3...

In normal adult brain the microtubule associated protein (MAP) tau contains 2-3 phosphates per mol of the protein and at this level of phosphorylation it is a soluble cytosolic protein. The normal brain tau interacts with tubulin and promotes its assembly into microtubules and stabilizes these fibrils. In Alzheimer disease (AD) brain tau is three to fourfold hyperphosphorylated. The abnormally ...

Aggregation and increased phosphorylation of tau at selected sites ("hyperphosphorylation") are histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is not known whether the tau pathology has a primary role during neuronal degeneration. To determine the role of tau hyperphosphorylation in AD, pseudohyperphosphorylated tau (PHP-tau) that simulates disease-like permanent, high sto...

Soret band lifetimes of the free-base tetraphenylporphine (H(2)TPP) and Cu(ii) tetraphenylporphine (Cu(II)TPP) at 408 nm have been directly measured with femtosecond (fs) resolution using the fluorescence-upconversion technique for the first time, giving tau = 68 +/- 15 and 63 +/- 15 fs, respectively, in benzene solvent.

Data from the High Resolution Fly’s Eye detector that measures cosmic rays with the fluorescence technique is used to set limits on the flux of tau neutrinos in the energy range from 10 to 10 eV. This energy range is particularly interesting as we expect a guaranteed flux of cosmogenic neutrinos from the GZK mechanism.

Microtubule-associated protein tau is the major component of paired helical filaments (PHFs) associated with the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tau in the normal brain binds and stabilizes microtubules. Tau isolated from PHFs is hyperphosphorylated, which prevents it from binding to microtubules. Tau phosphorylation has been suggested to be involved in the development of NFT pathol...