Inflammation plays a critical role in the pathology of obesity-linked insulin resistance and is mechanistically linked to the effects of macrophage-derived cytokines on adipocyte energy metabolism, particularly that of the mitochondrial branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) pathways. To address the role of inflammation on energy metabolism in adipocytes, we used high fat...

Tumor cells carry various genetic and metabolic alterations, which directly contribute to their growth and malignancy. Links between metabolism and cancer are multifaceted. Metabolic reprogramming, such as enhanced aerobic glycolysis, mutations in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolic enzymes, and dependence on lipid and glutamine metabolism are key characteristics of cancer cells. Under...

Background Otto Warburg’s observation that tumor cells have increased rates of glucose uptake and lactate secretion in comparison to normal cells spawned his notion that tumors have dysfunctional mitochondria. However, in addition to metabolizing glucose to lactate, tumors in vivo exhibit mitochondrial glucose oxidation, indicating activity of pyruvate dehydrognase (PDH), which gates entry of g...

An attempt has been made to partially characterize the substance responsible for the rhythmic incorporation of 35S (inorganic sulfate) in the course of the cell cycle in early Limnaea embryos. This trichloroacetic acid (TCA) insoluble substance is partly pronase sensitive, and dissociable into two fractions after treatment with NaCl. One of these remains TCA-insoluble while the other is TCA sol...

An in-depth analysis of the intracellular metabolite concentrations, metabolic fluxes, and gene expression (metabolome, fluxome, and transcriptome, respectively) of lysine-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13287 was performed at different stages of batch culture and revealed distinct phases of growth and lysine production. For this purpose, 13C flux analysis with gas chromatography-mass...