Problem: Leakage of the transmission fluid or oil in powertrain systems (i.e., transmissions, cylinder heads, engine blocks, etc.) can cause engine overheating and/or permanent damage. Therefore, it is crucial to run a leak test to inspect for any possible porosity in the casting parts. However, the inspection results for the amount of leakage at given testing times are sensitive to the tested ...

There are presented results of experimental research on calibration tungsten–rhenium thermocouples at the temperatures exceeding upper limit measurements (1700 °C) standard type B thermocouple. The was carried out using high-temperature installation UKT-2500 designed for practical use in production temperature sensors based refractory thermocouples. Available types insulating ceramics have been...

Polymeric chemiresistors are a class of chemical sensor that have promise for being practical in situ sensors of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in various environmental monitoring applications. However, these devices may undergo changes in response due to changes in temperature or humidity that must be taken into consideration when developing calibration models. The devices can also display s...

The analysis of metal-rich H ii regions has a profound impact on the calibration of abundance diagnostics widely used to measure the chemical content of star-forming galaxies, both locally and at high redshift. I review the main difficulties that affect direct abundance determinations from temperature-sensitive collisionally excited lines, and briefly discuss strong-line methods, in particular ...

The p–n junction i–u characteristic model is decisive for the accuracy enhancement of calibration-free temperature measurement. In this paper, we give a survey of adapted physically-based p–n junction i–u characteristic models, such as the Ebers–Moll2, the Ebers–Moll3, and the Gummel–Poon model. Furthermore, we build new models through polynomial extensions to the fundamental Shockley model. Th...

This paper introduces a calibration-based auto white balance method for digital still camera. The main idea is to detect white-points in an image accurately. White-Point Color Temperature Curve (WPCTC) is constructed from sensor calibration and is utilized to estimate white-point locations in a scene. Minimum Color Temperature Distance (MCTD) with a luminance threshold is defined to further loc...

Following an absolute NIST measurement of the freezing temperature of gold and the adoption of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90), NIST has adopted new measurement scales for the calibration services based on thermal radiometry. In this paper, the new scales are defined and compared to the ITS-90, and the effects of the scale changes on NIST measurement services in optical pyr...