In the neocortex, neuronal selectivities for multiple sensorimotor modalities are often distributed in topographical maps thought to emerge during a restricted period in early postnatal development. Rodent barrel cortex contains a somatotopic map for vibrissa identity, but the existence of maps representing other tactile features has not been clearly demonstrated. We addressed the issue of the ...

The present study aimed to test the function of the exocentric view on the acquisition of survey knowledge during spatial navigation in a virtual multilevel building. Subjects navigated a virtual three-level building in three conditions. In the first condition, subjects navigated the building without any aid. In the second condition, subjects navigated the building with the aid of a three-dimen...

Saccades, elicited by an identical visual stimulus in repeated trials, exhibit a certain amount of amplitude and direction scatter. The present paper illustrates how this scatter may be used to discern various properties of the subsystem that determines the metrics of a saccade. It is found in humans that scatter along the eccentricity axis is consistently more pronounced than along the directi...

This paper presents a bridging algorithm that deterministically plans the simultaneous, collision-free movement of n hexagonal metamorphic robots (modules) over any contiguous surface in a hexagonal grid, from the source to the goal end of the surface. Our centralized planning stage algorithm identifies narrow passages between cells in the surface where modules will come into contact. We call s...

We sought to determine whether apnea-induced cardiovascular responses resulted in a biologically significant temporary O(2) conservation during exercise. Nine healthy men performing steady-state leg exercise carried out repeated apnea (A) and rebreathing (R) maneuvers starting with residual volume +3.5 liters of air. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and arterial O(2) saturation (S...

We examine human ability to detect changes in scene lighting. Thirteen observers viewed three-dimensional rendered scenes stereoscopically. Each scene consisted of a randomly generated three-dimensional "Gaussian bump" surface rendered under a combination of collimated and diffuse light sources. During each trial, the collimated source underwent a small, quick change of position in one of four ...

We propose a powerful shape representation to recognize sketches drawn on a pen-based input device. The proposed method is robust to the sketching order by using the combination of distance map and direction histogram. A distance map created after normalizing a freehand sketch represents a spatial feature of shape regardless of the writing order. Moreover, a distance map which acts a spatial fe...

The paper considers computational domains structured as a 3D grid of cells. It presents a cell-to-hypercube map that is useful for implementing the Alternating Direction Method (ADM). The map is shown to be perfectly load-balanced, and to optimally preserve adjacencies between cells in the computational domain.

In this work, large-scale molecular dynamics simulations are conducted to explore the thermal and mechanical phenomena in surface nanostructuring with a laser-assisted scanning tunnelling microscope. Employing a super parallel computer, more than 200 million atoms are modelled to provide substantial details about how the localized thermal and mechanical perturbations result in surface nanostruc...

We consider the billiard map in a unit cube of R, and we compute the complexity of a word which codes an orbit in direction ω. Under some hypothesis on the direction, we obtain an exact formula and shows that the order of magnitude is n.