BACKGROUND Although the testis is considered an immunoprivileged organ it can orchestrate immune responses against pathological insults such as infection and trauma. Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) is a model of chronic inflammation whose main histopathological features it shares with human orchitis. In EAO an increased number of macrophages infiltrate the interstitium concomitantly with...

background the gonadectomy in patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome (ais) has been conventionally performed using laparotomic techniques. but currently several reports have suggested laparoscopic gonadectomy in these patients because of shorter hospital stay and minimal postoperative pain and hemorrhage. objective to report the laparoscopic gonadectomy in 11 patients suffering from andr...

Glucocorticoids are well-known as mediators of the systemic stress response. Increased glucocorticoid release and synthesis in response to endogenous or exogenous stressors have been shown to impair testicular hormone production in a variety of species and therefore may affect fertility. However, the physiological involvement of glucocorticoid hormones in tissue maturation and differentiation d...

To verified the target genes of miR-34c, bioinformatics software was used to predict the targets of miR-34c. Three possible target genes of miR-34c related to spermatogenesis and male reproductive development: zinc finger protein 148 (ZNF148), kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) were predicted. Then, the expression of miR-34c and its target g...

Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis is an exceptionally rare and malignant testicular neoplasm. Although treatment of pregnant women with diethylstilbestrol (DES) results in reproductive tract abnormalities in their male offspring, increased incidence of testicular tumors has not been verified. However, recently three cases of seminoma have been described in men prenatally exposed to DES, suggest...

Estrogens play important roles in the regulation of testis development and spermatogenesis. Moreover, several evidences suggest that estrogen signaling can be involved in testicular tumorigenesis. The physiological effects of estrogen are mediated by the classical nuclear estrogen receptors ESR1 and 2, which regulate both genomic and rapid signaling events. In the recent years, a member of the ...

As in many mammalian and avian species, testicular androgens or their metabolites activate courtship and copulatory behaviors in adult male zebra finches. However, studies of sexual differentiation of these behaviors and related anatomical structures provide conflicting results. For example, posthatching estradiol can both masculinize courtship and the neural structures involved in song in fema...

Nine blood samples were taken at 30-min intervals from 36 Landrace X Large White boars at each of eight ages (42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126 and 140 d). Serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T) and estradiol-17 beta (E2) were quantified by radioimmunoassay procedures. The maximum concentration of LH and the age at maximum concentration...

Colon cancers are thought to be an inevitable result of aging, while testicular cancers are thought to develop in only a small fraction of men, beginning in utero. These models of carcinogenesis are, in part, based upon age-specific incidence data. The specific incidence for colon cancer appears to monotonically increase with age, while that of testicular cancer increases to a maximum value at ...

In humans, failure of testicular descent (cryptorchidism) is one of the most frequent congenital malformations, affecting 1-3% of newborn boys. The clinical consequences of this abnormality are infertility in adulthood and a significantly increased risk of testicular malignancy. Recently, we described a mouse transgene insertional mutation, crsp, causing high intraabdominal cryptorchidism in ho...