نتایج جستجو برای: text context interaction

تعداد نتایج: 1097905  

Journal: :iranian journal of applied language studies 2011
mohammad shariati anahita bordbar

this paper reports the results of a study designed to investigate the interrelationship of foreign language reading anxiety (flra), reading proficiency (rp) and text feature awareness (tfa). the aim was to focus on how foreign language reading anxiety and text feature awareness are related and how, in turn, they affect students reading proficiency. that is, it south to determine how these three...

2005
Joan-Andreu Sánchez José-Miguel Benedí

This paper proposes an approach to reduce the stochastic parsing time with stochastic context-free grammars. The basic idea consists of storing a set of precomputed problems. These precomputed problems are obtained off line from a training corpus or they are computed on line from a test corpus. In this work, experiments with the UPenn Treebank are reported in order to show the performance of bo...

2005
David Chiang

We present a statistical phrase-based translation model that uses hierarchical phrases— phrases that contain subphrases. The model is formally a synchronous context-free grammar but is learned from a bitext without any syntactic information. Thus it can be seen as a shift to the formal machinery of syntaxbased translation systems without any linguistic commitment. In our experiments using BLEU ...

2014
Chenchen Ding Yuki Arase

Word reordering is a crucial technique in statistical machine translation in which syntactic information plays an important role. Synchronous context-free grammar has typically been used for this purpose with various modifications for adding flexibilities to its synchronized tree generation. We permit further flexibilities in the synchronous context-free grammar in order to translate between la...

Journal: :Bioinformatics 2003
Joshua M. Temkin Mark R. Gilder

MOTIVATION As research into disease pathology and cellular function continues to generate vast amounts of data pertaining to protein, gene and small molecule (PGSM) interactions, there exists a critical need to capture these results in structured formats allowing for computational analysis. Although many efforts have been made to create databases that store this information in computer readable...

Journal: :Computers in Human Behavior 2007
Daantje Derks Arjan E. R. Bos Jasper von Grumbkow

The present study examines the influence of social context on the use of emoticons in Internet communication. Secondary school students (N = 158) responded to short internet chats. Social context (task-oriented vs. socio-emotional) and valence of the context (positive vs. negative) were manipulated in these chats. Participants were permitted to respond with text, emoticon or a combination of bo...

Journal: :European journal of combinatorics = Journal europeen de combinatoire = Europaische Zeitschrift fur Kombinatorik 2012
Tullio Ceccherini-Silberstein Wolfgang Woess

Let [Formula: see text] be a finitely generated group, [Formula: see text] a finite set of generators and [Formula: see text] a subgroup of [Formula: see text]. We define what it means for [Formula: see text] to be a context-free pair; when [Formula: see text] is trivial, this specializes to the standard definition of [Formula: see text] to be a context-free group. We derive some basic properti...

2004
I. Dan Melamed Giorgio Satta Benjamin Wellington

Generalized Multitext Grammar (GMTG) is a synchronous grammar formalism that is weakly equivalent to Linear Context-free Rewriting Systems (LCFRS), but retains much of the notational and intuitive simplicity of Context-Free Grammar (CFG). GMTG allows both synchronous and independent rewriting. Such flexibility facilitates more perspicuous modeling of parallel text than what is possible with oth...

Journal: :Research in Computing Science 2015
Nabil Khoufi Chafik Aloulou Lamia Hadrich Belguith

Linguistic resources are very important to any natural language processing task. Unfortunately, the manual construction of these resources is laborious and time-consuming. The use of annotated corpora as a knowledge database might be a solution to a fast construction of a grammar for a given language. In this paper, we present our method to automatically induce a syntactic grammar from an Arabi...

2009
Victoria Fossum Kevin Knight

Combining the 1-best output of multiple parsers via parse selection or parse hybridization improves f-score over the best individual parser (Henderson and Brill, 1999; Sagae and Lavie, 2006). We propose three ways to improve upon existing methods for parser combination. First, we propose a method of parse hybridization that recombines context-free productions instead of constituents, thereby pr...

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