To improve bacterial removal, a traditional stormwater biofilter can be augmented with biochar, but it is unknown whether bacterial removal remains consistent as the biochar weathers during intermittent exposure to stormwater under dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycles. To examine the effect of weathering on bacterial removal capacity of biochar, we subjected biochar-augmented sand filters (or simplif...

A simple programmed thaw cycle is described, during which the endometrium is prepared with oral oestradiol, followed by a natural progesterone source. This method involves minimal blood tests and uses inexpensive medications. Originally, an i.m. progesterone-in-oil preparation was used. Although highly successful in achieving high serum progesterone concentrations, the daily injections of the o...

The degradation of concrete material under multiple freeze–thaw cycles is an important issue for structures in cold and wet regions. This paper proposed a physical and mechanical model to explain the deformation behavior observed in previous experiments, from internal pressure calculation to mesoscale simulation, and for both closed and open freeze–thaw tests. Three kinds of internal pressures ...