Tooth autotransplantation defines as transition of one tooth from one position to another, in same individual. It is a biological procedure in which teeth have the potential to induce alveolar bone growth. It can be applied in patients before adolescence growth is finished. It significantly reduces time and cost compared to implants. Healing rapidly occurs and function is regained almost immedi...

In 2010, Utah taxpayers’ spent over $1.3 billion relating to criminal justice in areas of police, courts, and corrections. This $470 per capita expense is an important and necessary component of public safety cost and is below what other states spend on a per capita level. Nonetheless, with shrinking budgets in the face of slow economic growth, Utah policy makers must be increasingly diligent w...

The present study is intended to develop a Preventive Maintenance (PM) policy for industrial applications, while considering two different objectives: the first objective is to optimize the total maintenance costs, i.e., the Preventive Maintenance (PM) and Emergency Maintenance (EM) Costs Per Unit Time. (CPUT). The second objective is to design the policy in such a way that the simplicity of it...

after having practicing and researching health economics for nearly 15 years now, it has become clear to me that the use of cost-effectiveness data in priority setting decisions is rather a rare than a common practice. the eckard et al.article though, describes a wonderful exception to this rule and a very good example of how it can be used when the conditions are right. however, do we fully un...

In this letter, we apply an extended environmental dynamic computable general equilibrium model to assess the economic consequences of implementing a total emission control policy. On the basis of emission levels in 2007, we simulate different emission reduction scenarios, ranging from 20 to 50% emission reduction, up to the year 2020. The results indicate that a modest total emission reduction...

This paper considers component supply planning for assembly systems where several types of components are needed to produce one finished product. The actual component lead times have random deviations. The aim of this study is to find the optimal MRP offsetting when the Periodic Order Quantity (POQ) policy is used. The proposed model and algorithms minimize the sum of the setup and average hold...

The present study is intended to develop a Preventive Maintenance (PM) policy for industrial applications, while considering two different objectives: the first objective is to optimize the total maintenance costs, i.e., the Preventive Maintenance (PM) and Emergency Maintenance (EM) Costs Per Unit Time. (CPUT). The second objective is to design the policy in such a way that the simplicity of it...

background although medical oncologists can have an important role in controlling the cost of cancer treatment, there is little information about their attitudes toward the cost of cancer treatment and the impact of cost on their treatment recommendations, especially in low- and middle-income countries (lmics). in this study, we assessed the attitude of iranian medical oncologists toward some e...