background: recent studies indicate an increased incidence of pertussis disease in recent years. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the acellular vaccine for children (as a replacement of current whole cell vaccine in the expanded program on immunization) and for high-risk adults in iran through updating current best available evidence.   methods: we performed a systematic li...

The intracellular, protozoan Theileria species parasites are the only eukaryotes known to transform another eukaryotic cell. One consequence of this parasite-dependent transformation is the acquisition of motile and invasive properties of parasitized cells in vitro and their metastatic dissemination in the animal, which causes East Coast Fever (T. parva) or Tropical Theileriosis (T. annulata). ...

A total of 300 exotic dairy cattle from various private livestock farms of district Sahiwal, Pakistan were selected to assess the incidence, effects on blood parameters, disease progression, therapeutic, and prophylactic aspects of tropical theileriosis. Animals were divided into two groups viz A and B. Group A (n=185) was kept as non-infected control whereas the group B (n=115) was diagnosed f...