The knowledge of the thermal shock resistance of refractory materials is of outmost importance since it determines their performance in many applications, from ceramic manufacturing to oil refinery, thermal insulation, nuclear power, chemical and petrochemical industries. Thermal shock resistance is measured in terms of the number of cycles that a refractory material can withstand when subjecte...

PURPOSE To assess by means of computer simulations whether the heat sink effect inside a large vessel (portal vein) could protect the vessel wall from thermal damage close to an internally cooled electrode during radiofrequency (RF)-assisted resection. METHODS First,in vivo experiments were conducted to validate the computational model by comparing the experimental and computational thermal l...

A typical electronics package is verified using the lumped modeling methodology using the FORTRAN code TNETFA and TAMS available in academic literature. TAMS stand for Thermal Analyzer for Multilayer Structures (TAMS) and TNETFA stands for Transient Network Thermal Analyzer (TNETFA). Electronics packages constitute dissipation heat sources of components located on multi-layered boards (PCB). Pr...

We describe a new technique for investigating laser-tissue interactions based on the use of an interferometric laser exposure pattern. A Michelson interferometer is used to generate a sinusoidal fringe exposure pattern. The periodicity of the fringe pattern may be adjusted from macroscopic dimensions to a scale of microns without the need for an imaging plane. Since fringe pattern periodicity i...

ABSTRACT. The effectiveness of structural health monitoring via ultrasonic methods is seriously compromised by changing environmental conditions such as temperature. Variations in temperature can be spuriously identified as damage owing to thermal expansion or contraction of the material as well as changing of the wave propagation speed. This problem becomes even more serious when temperature c...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro experimental study was to perform histological evaluation of the thermal effect produced on soft tissue irradiated with CO2, Er,Cr:YSGG or diode lasers. STUDY DESIGN Porcine oral mucosa samples were irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 1 W with and without water / air spray, at 2 W with and without water / air spray, and at 4 W with water / air spray, with CO...

Background Despite the wide application of lasers and radiofrequency (RF) surgery in dermatology, it is difficult to find studies showing the extent of damage dependent on cell death. Objective We evaluated histopathologic changes following in vivo thermal damage generated by CO2 laser, 1,444 nm long-pulsed neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (LP Nd:YAG) laser and RF emitting electrosurgical un...

The first form of damage in composite laminates is often matrix microcracks that are defined as intralaminar or ply cracks across the thickness of the ply and parallel to the fibers in that ply (see reviews in [1,2]). Tensile loading, fatigue loading, environment, and thermal cycling can all lead to microcrack formation. Microcracks can form in any ply that has a significant component of the ap...

Thermal plasma discharges have been widely used in the past for treatment of living human and animal tissue. However, extensive thermal damage and tissue desiccation occurs due to extreme temperatures. Some solutions have been offered where the temperature is lowered by short current pulses, addition of noble gases, or significant decrease in the size of treatment electrodes. We propose a metho...