This article introduces and applies the concept of “physical-equivalent privacy” to evaluate appropriateness data collection about library patrons’ use library-provided e-resources. It po...

The aim of this paper is to offer the first systematic exploration and definition equivalent causal models in context where both are not made up same variables. idea that two when they agree on all "essential" information can be expressed using their common I do so by focussing main features models, namely structural relations functional relations. In particular, define several ancestry suffici...

Burt introduced 1983 'equivalent weighting function': \Iterative pyramid generation is equivalent to convolving the image g 0 with a set of 'equivalent weighting functions' h l :" g l = h l g 0 = h g l?1 ; l > 1. It allowed him to study the eeects of iterated reduction (e.g. the low-pass character of Gaussian pyramids) using the single parameter h l without giving up the eecient iterative compu...