This article presents a novel technique to estimate the mechanical properties of the aluminum composite layer on silicon solar cells by using a hybrid 3-dimensional laser scanning force measurement (3-D LSFM) system. The 3-D LSFM system measures the material properties of sub-layers constituting a solar cell. This measurement is critical for realizing high-efficient ultra-thin solar cells. The ...

In present study, thermo-elastic buckling analysis of multi-layer orthotropic annular/circular graphene sheets is investigated based on Eringen’s theory. The moderately thick and also thick nano-plates are considered. Using the non-local first and third order shear deformation theories, the governing equations are derived. The van der Waals interaction between the layers is simulated for multi-...

We report an experimental study of the adhesion properties of polydopamine thin films and their bonding behavior on polymer, glass and metal surfaces. Dopamine is able to adsorb onto all surfaces and self-polymerize into a thin hydrophilic film. Dynamic contact angle measurements revealed a large contact angle hysteresis between advancing and receding angles and a possible hydration layer when ...

the main problemswith the use of fossil fuels is the restrictions on their access and the detrimental consequences of their use which causes a threat to human health and quality of life. consequently, the use of other energy sources has become necessary. renewable energy as a permanent and clean energy source is an answer to this problem. one such energy source includes photovoltaic solar energ...

abstract our previous studies showed that various extracts of persian shallot (allium hirtifolium) have anti-angiogenic effects. this study has been undertaken to isolate and identify the major effective anti-angiogeneic sub-fraction of shallot. after preparation of the 50% hydroalcoholic extract of shallot bulbs, the extract was successively fractionated into n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol...

The use of thin-films made by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is increasing in the field optical sensing. ALD TiO2 has been widely characterized for its physical and properties, but systematic information about influence thermal history to mechanical properties film lacking. Optical applications require planar surface tunability refractive index residual stress. In addition, such as elastic modul...

double layer zno/sno2 thin film resistive gas sensors were fabricated by successive pvd of those oxides onto porcelain substrates. the metallic contacts were provided by electron beam evaporation of platinum onto substrates prior to deposition of the gas sensitive layers. deposits were thermally annealed at different temperatures. it was shown that the activation energy of electrical conduction...