The first documented journal club was organized in 1875 by William Osler at McGill University, to keep staff informed of medical science in a cost‐effective manner.[1] Nowadays, journal club has already become a common form of interactive education in hope to keep medical practitioners up‐to‐date of current literature, understand research design and statistics, and expand critical appraisal ski...

.................................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction............................................................................................................................................... 4 Is there a need for reform? ...............................................................

Lean thinking “translation” from manufacturing to services settings is a topic of growing interest among academics and practitioners. Healthcare organizations have been one of the latest services settings adopting Lean principles, tools and techniques feeding a crescent stream of literature. However, despite of the important contribution of some review articles, the Lean embeddeness in differen...

Nursing home placement (NHP) is stressful both for older adults and for their family caregivers. This descriptive survey research investigated family caregivers' attitudes toward aging, their emotional appraisal of nursing home placement, and their reactions to caregiving roles. Eighty-eight survey packets were mailed and 35 usable packets were returned for a response rate of 39.5%. Sixty-four ...

Intralocus sexual conflict occurs when selection on a shared trait in one sex displaces the other sex from its phenotypic optimum. It arises because many shared traits have a common genetic basis but undergo contrasting selection in the sexes. A recent surge of interest in this evolutionary tug of war has yielded evidence of such conflicts in laboratory and natural populations. Here we highligh...

Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP), an emergent, contested approach to communication and personal development created in the 1970’s, has become increasingly familiar in education and teaching. There is little academic work on NLP to date. This article offers an informed introduction to, and appraisal of, the field for educators. We review the origins of NLP, and summarise its nature as a method...

Much of the spread of participatory rural appraisal (PRA) as an emerging family of approaches and methods has been lateral, South-South, through experiential learning and changes in behavior, with different local applications. Rapid spread has made quality assurance a concern, with dangers from “instant fashion”, rushing, formalism and ruts. Promising potentials include farmers’ own farming sys...

Six case histories of children referred and admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit at a tertiary referral centre because of concerns about poor functioning and possible emotional abuse are presented. On initial assessment the children appeared to be well functioning and the impression was confirmed that their emotional needs were not being met by their parents. After detailed inpatient apprai...

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an approach used in numerous professions that focuses attention on evidence quality in decision making and action. We review research on EBP implementation, identifying critical underlying psychological factors facilitating and impeding its use. In describing EBP and the forms of evidence it employs, we highlight the challenges individuals face in appraising evi...

The authors discuss the assessment of the contribution of diagnostic imaging to the patient management process. A hierarchical model of efficacy is presented as an organizing structure for appraisal of the literature on efficacy of imaging. Demonstration of efficacy at each lower level in this hierarchy is logically necessary, but not sufficient, to assure efficacy at higher levels. Level 1 con...