Experimental studies suggested that flavonoids may influence thyroid carcinogenesis, but epidemiologic evidence is sparse. No study has examined different classes of flavonoids in relation to thyroid cancer risk. Using data from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, which enrolled 491,840 U.S. men and women, ages 50 to 71 years at baseline, we prospectively examined the risk of thyroid cancer in ...

The high prevalence of thyroid nodules in the adult population and the relatively low incidence of thyroid cancer make the preoperative identification of malignant lesions challenging. The β-galactoside-binding protein galectin-3 is widely expressed in well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas, but not in normal thyrocytes and benign thyroid nodules. This molecule offers a candidate biomarker to i...

Thyroid cancer is the sixth most common cancer in women, and the majority of patients with thyroid cancer has sporadic disease. However, about 25% of patients with medullary thyroid cancer and 5% with papillary thyroid cancer have familial tumors. Currently, there are numerous controversies regarding the mode of inheritance, tumor behavior, extent of surgical resection for optimal results, coex...

abstract introduction: cancer stem cells are a small subpopulation of cells within a tumor which are responsible for maintaining the tumor mass. a number of factors such as oct-4 that govern the fate of adult stem cells also play a role in malignant cell transformation. oct-4 is a key regulator of self-renewal in embryonic stem cells; its expression is potentially correlated with tumorigenesis ...

Frequent somatic mutations in the GNA11, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)27, FGD1, TRRAP and GRM3 genes have been reported in various types of human cancer, but whether these genes are mutated in thyroid cancer is not known. In the present study, a mutational analysis of these genes was performed in thyroid cancer cell lines and thyroid cancer samples. No GNA11 mutations were identified in the pa...

Thyroid cancer represents a spectrum of biological and molecular activity. As such it can behave in a variety of ways. This makes metastatic thyroid cancer challenging to manage. In advanced rapidly progressive thyroid cancer new agents and multimodality care represent promising therapeutic options for patients. However, these agents are not without risk and clinicians must be judicious with th...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine differences in disease characteristics between the thyroid cancer populations in the area around the Three Mile Island (TMI) nuclear power plant and the rest of the state of Pennsylvania. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS Data from the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry from 1985 to 2008 were reviewed and information regarding age at diag...

BACKGROUND/AIM The [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening program is defined as a cancer screening for asymptomatic subjects using FDG-PET (including PET/ computed tomography [CT]) with or without combination of other screening tests. The aim of the present study was to analyze the thyroid cancer detection rate in asymptomatic individuals through a FD...

Thyroid follicular epithelial cell–derived cancer includes papillary carcinoma, Hürthle cell poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, and anaplastic carcinoma. Although the incidence of has increased over past 30 years, there not been a significant increase in patient mortality. Use increasingly sensitive detection methods such as high-resolution imaging enabled earlier better characterization mal...

Medullary thyroid cancer accounts for 5-10% of thyroid carcinomas. RET proto-oncogene mutations occur in all of the hereditary MTCs and about 66% of the sporadic MTCs. So, the detection of the RET mutations is necessary for rapid and proper diagnosis and treatment. This systematic review seeks to find a comprehensive list of RET gene mutations in the diagnosis of medullary thyroid cancer. The ...