A normal pregnancy results in a number of important physiological and hormonal changes that alter thyroid function. These changes mean that laboratory tests of thyroid function must be interpreted with caution during pregnancy. Levels of thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) and production of T3 and T4 hormones and the daily requirement of iodine in pregnancy are increased to 50%, TSH receptor stimu...

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an infrequent calcitonin-producing neuroendocrine tumor that initiates from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland. Several genetic and epigenetic alterations are collaterally responsible for medullary thyroid carcinogenesis. In this review article, we shed light on all the genetic and epigenetic hallmarks of MTC. From the genetic perspective, RET, ...

Thyroid tissue located within the upper airway has received only sparse attention in the English literature. Aberrant benign thyroid masses may present as either an unrelated autopsy finding or with symptoms such as dyspnea, hemoptysis or adult -onset asthma. There is no place for medical management in the therapy of these lesions, although the appropriate surgical procedure is not clearly ...

Abstract Neonatal thyrotoxicosis is mostly caused by the transplacental passage of maternal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies (TRAb) to fetus. Although rare and transient, this condition may be associated with significant morbidity mortality if not diagnosed treated in an appropriate timely manner. Anti-thyroid drugs are main therapy. Here, we report a preterm newborn that p...

The presence of adipose tissue in the thyroid gland is a rare finding. Thyrolipoma or adenolipoma of the thyroid is a benign, encapsulated lesion of the thyroid composed of variable amounts of fat and glandular elements. This report presents a case of thyrolipoma in a 69-yr-old female presenting with neck swelling and respiratory distress. Differential diagnosis of the fat-containing thyroid le...

Cutaneous manifestations of thyroid diseases can be divided into three groups:1-Specific lesions such as the thyroglossal duct cyst and cutaneous metastases form thyroid malignancy.2-Nonspecific signs secondary to thyroid hormone imbalance.3-Cutaneous signs of associated systemic and dermatologic disorders.This re...

Objective(s): In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of thyroid volume measurement using 99mTc pertechnetate single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images, acquired by the standardized uptake value (SUV)-shape scheme designed by our expert team.Methods: A total of 18 consecutive patients with Graves’ disease (GD) were subjected to both ultrasonographic and 99mTc pertechnet...