Various methodologies of artificial intelligence have been recently used for estimating performance parameters of soil working machines and off-road vehicles. Due to nonlinear and stochastic features of soil–wheel interactions, application of knowledge-based Mamdani max–min fuzzy expert system for estimation of contact area and contact pressure is described in this paper. Fuzzy logic model was ...

While a new tire may have excellent resistance to crack initiation and propagation between the steel belts, an aged tire of the exact same construction can exhibit dramatically reduced crack growth resistance, which in some cases may contribute to tire failure. This article will review the research that has gone into quantifying the rate of oxidation the steel belt rubber oxidizes in different ...

Pressure diuresis is thought to be a long-term mechanism that is essential for regulation of blood volume and arterial pressure (AP). We recently found that experimentally-induced changes in AP result in changes in urine flow (UF) within 6 seconds in anesthetized rats. To test our hypothesis that the long-term nature of pressure diuresis is the result of the cumulative sum of many short-term ch...

In this study, a low degree-of-freedom mechanical model of a rolling tire is constructed, in which the lateral deformation of the contact patch and tire carcass is considered. The so-called delayed contact patch model is implemented and combined with a simple tire carcass model. The interaction between the contact patch and the carcass together with the lateral mode of the attached suspension s...

Aim of Study: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained with the computerized tonometer 80 non-contact tonometer (CT80 NCT) and those with the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) in patients with normal and high IOP. Patients and Methods: This observational clinical study comprised 187 eyes of 105 patients (54 men and 51 women), who had their IOP readings measured with bo...

Objective To assess the cost effectiveness of alternating pressure mattresses compared with alternating pressure overlays for the prevention of pressure ulcers in patients admitted to hospital. Design Cost effectiveness analysis carried out alongside the pressure relieving support surfaces (PRESSURE) trial; a multicentre UK based pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Setting 11 hospitals in si...

The tissue pressure of the intraocular contents is called the intraocular pressure (IOP). The normal range for IOP is 10–20 mm Hg and is maintained at this level throughout life and between the sexes, though there is some diurnal and seasonal variation. Control of IOP within the correct physiological range is necessary to maintain the anatomical conditions necessary for optimal refraction and t...

Cancer can be a devastating illness causing severe debilitation and prolonged confinement to bed. It is, therefore, not unexpected that oncologists would be required to manage pressure ulcers as part of the comprehensive care of their cancer patients. The consequences of these lesions can be devastating, even fatal. Thus, the common bedsore should not be overlooked as an important clinical prob...

Sudden increases in intracranial pressure (ICP) are extremely serious and can be life-threatening. Up to the present moment, effective methods have been studied to return the ICP to normal levels after a rapid increase has occurred. This study analyzes different characteristics of the ICP signal just prior to the occurrence of an increase, and compares it with the characteristics of the signal ...

In 2013, Downie et al reported on results obtained from five acute UK Trusts (April 2012-March 2013) for all hospital-acquired category III–IV pressure ulcers (PUs) developed within these organisations. They described the reporting and validation methodology used by all five organisations to determine the avoidable or unavoidable status of their hospital-acquired category III–IV PUs. Prior to t...