Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) may provide low-power, general-purpose computing in the post-CMOS era. A molecular implementation of QCA features nanometer-scale devices and support THz switching speeds at room-temperature. Here, we explore ability circuits to tolerate unwanted applied electric fields, which come from a variety sources. One likely source strong fields be electrodes recently...

The ability to tolerate faults is critical in multicomputers employing large numbers of processors. This paper describes a class of fault-tolerant routing algorithms for n-dimensional meshes that can tolerate large numbers of faults without using virtual channels. We show that these routing algorithms prevent livelock and deadlock while remaining highly adaptive.