Objective: As public distribution of a vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is in underway, prevention disease 2019 (COVID-19) relies on minimizing spread. In this study, chlorhexidine gluconate was investigated as topical antimicrobial agent SARS-CoV-2. Methods: This randomized, prospective cohort study using an oral rinse and posterior oropharyngeal spr...

OBJECTIVE Although topical decongestants and anesthetics are widely used in preparation for nasal endoscopy, no controlled trials have evaluated the effects of these agents on olfaction. STUDY DESIGN Randomized double-blinded controlled trial. SETTING Tertiary referral hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors recruited 72 healthy subjects and randomly assigned them to 1 of 4 groups (co...

Minoxidil is a drug used to stimulate hair growth and to slow balding. It is marketed under a number of trade names, including Rogaine, and is available in varying strength dose forms from a number of generic manufacturers. Minoxidil is available in oral and topical forms. In topical form, it can be applied by a metered-spray or rub-on applicator. A hydroalcoholic compounding vehicle can minimi...

OBJECTIVE To asses the effects of two topical nasal corticosteroids sprays on hyposmia in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was a prospective clinical trial and it included twenty four patients with persistent allergic rhinitis (PER) and hyposmia (H). The patients were divided into two groups depending on the type of corticosteroid topical nasal spray ...

Psoriasis is a lifelong condition which is caused by the negative signals produced by immune system, which leads to hyper proliferation and other inflammatory reactions on the skin. In this case, keratinocytes which are the outermost layer of skin possess shortened life cycle and results in the alteration of desquamation process where the cytokines will come out through lesions of affected pati...

RHINITIS IS A GLOBAL PROBLEM AND IS DEFINED AS THE PRESENCE OF AT LEAST ONE OF THE FOLLOWING: congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal itching, and nasal obstruction. The two major classifications are allergic and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR). Allergic rhinitis occurs when an allergen is the trigger for the nasal symptoms. NAR is when obstruction and rhinorrhea occurs in relation to nonallergic, n...

BACKGROUND Some patients continue to suffer from symptoms of sinusitis after maximal topical medical and surgical treatment for allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS). Manuka honey has well-documented antimicrobial and antifungal properties and is currently being used by physicians across the world for a wide variety of medical problems. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effectivenes...

Footrot, including interdigital dermatitis, is caused by Dichelobacter nodosus cause the majority of lameness in sheep in the UK. Lame sheep often have overgrown hoof horn but recent evidence has indicated that trimming overgrown hoof horn increases recovery time, and that routine foot trimming of the flock does not reduce the prevalence or incidence of lameness. The objectives of this study we...