Carboxymethyl cellulase and polygalacturonase activities were evaluated in wild-type strains from different taxonomic groups of rhizobia which nodulate a specific range of legume hosts that do not normally overlap (R. meliloti, R. loti, R. leguminosarum biovar trifolii, R. leguminosarum biovar phaseoli, R. leguminosarum biovar viceae, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum). To detect these enzymatic act...

Glucose yield from the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose was investigated as a function of cellulase enzyme loading (7-36 FPU/g cellulose) and solids concentration (7%-18% total solids) for up to 72 h on dilute sulfuric-acid pretreated Douglas Fir. The saccharification was performed on whole hydrolysate with no separation or washing of the solids. Enzyme loading had a significant effect on gluc...

Background While the ethanol production from biomass by consolidated bioprocess (CBP) is considered to be the most ideal process, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is the most appropriate strategy in practice. In this study, one-pot bioethanol production, including cellulase production, saccharification of cellulose, and ethanol production, was investigated for the conversion...

It remains unclear whether dicofol should be defined as a persistent organic pollutant. Its environmental persistence has gained attention. This study focused on its degradation by cellulase. Cellulase was separated using a gel chromatogram, and its degradation activity towards dicofol involved its endoglucanase activity. By analyzing the kinetic parameters of cellulase reacting with mixed subs...

Ethanol yields were 2.1 (P = 0.06) to 2.3 (P = 0.01) times higher in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) reactions of microcrystalline cellulose when cellulase was physisorbed on silica nanoparticles compared to enzyme in solution. In SSF reactions, cellulose is hydrolyzed to glucose by cellulase while yeast simultaneously ferments glucose to ethanol. The 35°C temperature and t...

A bacterial isolate from soil samples contaminated with decaying lignocellulosic wastes and effluents of cotton industry was isolated for cellulase production and was identified as Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum after morphological, biochemical and phlogenetic analysis. Under optimized solid state fermentation conditions maximum cellulase production 71.15 IU/ml was obtained with wheat bra...

The extremely halophilic archaeon Natrinema sp. strain SSBJUP-1, which produces extracellular cellulase and xylanase, was isolated from the Lonar Lake situated in Buldhana, Maharashtra. The enzymes were optimally active at pH 9–10 and temperature 40–60 C and they were most stable up to pH 11 and 16 % of NaCl concentration. The xylanase showed maximum activity at 50C and cellulase at 40C. Xylana...

A fungal strain producing a high level of cellulase was selected from 320 fungal isolates and identified as Aspergillus sp. This strain was further improved for cellulase production by sequential treatments by two repeated rounds of γ-irradiation of Co(60), ultraviolet treatment and four repeated rounds of treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. The best mutant strain, Aspergillus ...

Cellulase (beta-1, 4-glucan-glucanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.4) activity in the abscission zone of red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) was previously shown to exist in at least two different molecular forms. The form of the enzyme which has an isoelectric point of 4.5 is present in both abscising and nonabscising tissue and requires grinding for extraction. Another form of the enzyme which has an iso...

BACKGROUND Although the biocatalytic conversion of cellulosic biomass could replace fossil oil for the production of various compounds, it is often not economically viable due to the high costs of cellulolytic enzymes. One possibility to reduce costs is consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), integrating cellulase production, hydrolysis of cellulose, and the fermentation of the released sugars to the...