Ligand-independent transcriptional repression is an important function of nuclear hormone receptors. An interaction screen with the repression domain of the orphan receptor RevErb identified N-CoR, the corepressor for thyroid hormone receptor (TR) and retinoic acid receptor (RAR). N-CoR is likely to be a bona fide transcriptional corepressor for RevErb because (i) RevErb interacts with endogeno...

The tellurium oxyanion tellurite (TeO3 (2-)) is extremely harmful for most organisms. It has been suggested that a potential bacterial tellurite resistance mechanism would consist of an enzymatic, NAD(P)H-dependent, reduction to the less toxic form elemental tellurium (Te(0)). To date, a number of enzymes such as catalase, type II NADH dehydrogenase and terminal oxidases from the electron trans...

The p-spectral radius of a graph G of order n is defined for any real number p > 1 as λ (G) = max 2 ∑ {i,j}∈E(G) xixj : x1, . . . , xn ∈ R and |x1| + · · ·+ |xn| = 1  . The most remarkable feature of λ(p) is that it seamlessly joins several other graph parameters, e.g., λ(1) is the Lagrangian, λ(2) is the spectral radius and λ(∞)/2 is the number of edges. This paper presents solutions to so...

Introduction: Spatiotemporal focusing of waves has applications in fields such as imaging and communication. Time reversal (TR) mirrors have been used to focus waves in both space and time [1]. An ideal TR mirror consists of a wave source located inside a lossless medium that is completely enclosed by a surface of transceivers, which record and absorb the signal initially broadcast by the sourc...

Measurements of task-induced changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV) have been demonstrated using VAscular Space Occupancy (VASO) techniques (noninvasive and newly developed) and a contrast agent-based (Gd- DTPA) method (invasive but well-established) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We compared the two methods in determining CBV changes during multi-frequency visual stimulatio...

We have found that the binding of NADP+ (Kd = 0.86+/-0.11 microM) enhanced the FAD fluorescence of Arabidopsis thaliana NADPH:thioredoxin reductase (TR, EC 1.6.4.5) by 2 times, whereas the binding of 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (AADP+) (Kd < 0.1 microM) quenched the fluorescence by 20%. Thioredoxin (TRX) also enhanced the FAD fluorescence by 35%. The Kd of TR-NADP+ and TR-AAD...

The yeast HIS3 promoter region contains two functionally distinct TATA elements, TC and TR, that are responsible respectively for initiation from the +1 and +13 sites. Both TC and TR support basal HIS3 transcription and require the TATA binding protein TFIID, but only TR responds to transcriptional activation by GCN4 and GAL4. By selecting for yeast strains that increase transcription by a GCN4...

The spatial multivariate median has a long history as an alternative to the sample mean. Its transformation-retransformation (TR) sample version is affine equivariant, highly robust, and computationally easy. More recently, an entire TR spatial multivariate quantile function has been developed and applied in practice along with related rank functions. However, as quantile levels move farther ou...

Examples of meiotic drive, the non-Mendelian segregation of a specific genomic region, have been identified in several eukaryotic species. Maize contains the abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) drive system that transforms typically inert heterochromatic knobs into centromere-like domains (neocentromeres) that move rapidly poleward along the spindle during meiosis. Knobs can be made of two different ...