OBJECTIVE Long-segment tracheal stenosis is rare, life-threatening, difficult, and expensive to treat. Management remains controversial. A multidisciplinary tracheal team was formed in 2000 to deal with a large number of children with airway problems referred for management. We review the effect of that service, comparing the era before and after the establishment of the multidisciplinary trach...

BACKGROUND Endoprosthesis are being used in the everyday clinical practice either as a permanent solution or transient. They can be used in both benign and malignant situations. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case in which a temporary Montgomery cannula is used in conjunction with therapeutic bronchoscopy to manage a patient with failed tracheostomy decannulation secondary to a distal complex ...

A 57 year old patient presented with progressive tracheal stenosis two months after intubation. An intraluminal polypoid lesion was found at the site of the cuff of the endotracheal tube. It disappeared within five days of treatment with inhaled beclomethasone. Further improvement of forced expiratory and inspiratory flow occurred after systemic corticosteroid treatment, with resolution of peri...

Granulomatosis with Polyangitis (GPA), previously known as Wegener’s Granulomatosis, is a form of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vascuilitis predominantly involving the upper and lower respiratory tract and kidneys. Tracheobronchial involvement in GPA can have varied manifestations which include airway inflammation, mucosal granulomas, tracheobronchial stenosis, trache...

The use of airway stents for the treatment of benign airway stenosis is increasingly advocated. However, the long-term safety and efficiency of these devices has not been established. We present a case of tracheal stenosis. which persisted despite open surgical and laser correction. The patient required tracheal stent insertion and is currently well with no respiratory difficulty. The use of me...

We describe an extremely rare case of tracheal stenosis caused by unnoticed microscopic fiber-like foreign bodies. A 66-year-old woman complained of dyspnea with inspiratory stridor. Magnifying electroendoscopy and computed tomography revealed stenosis involving the entire circumference of the tracheal lumen. Tracheotomy and biopsy were performed. Histologically, the lesion showed chronic infla...

Statements have recently appeared in various medical journals that serious lesions may occur as a result of the operation of tracheotomy without manifesting their presence till some time after the wound has healed. The details given are very meagre, but they indicate that the most important of these late sequelae are conditions causing stenosis of the tracheal lumen. My attention was first draw...

Central airway stenosis may be a manifestation of benign or malignant lesions and can be a life threatening condition. There are different surgical and endoscopic modalities for treatment of these lesions. Balloon bronchoscopy is an interventional pulmonologic modality and can be performed under direct vision or fluoroscopic guidance. This technique can be used along with other interventional m...

Lymphoma is a frequent complication of HIV infection, but we report a rare localization in the subglottic tracheal area. A case of tracheal stenosis due to lymphoma in an HIV-infected patient is presented. The main complaint was severe dyspnea. Chemotherapy was ineffective but radiotherapy improved the patient's condition and increased the caliber of the tracheal lumen.

We report on the application of a venovenous type extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) in high-risk tracheal procedures in six cases consisting of five patients with tracheal stenosis. An ECMO should be helpful for preventing respiratory emergency during a tracheal procedure.