We present a theory of why some countries negotiate trade agreements during economic downturns. We argue that political leaders can gain from such agreements because of the signals they send to their publics. Publics are less likely to blame leaders for bad economic conditions when they have implemented sound economic policies, such as signing and implementing agreements designed to liberalize ...

Environmental governance is increasingly challenged by global flows, which connect distant places through trade, investment and movement of people. To date, research on this topic has been dispersed across multiple fields diverse theoretical perspectives. We present the results a systematic literature review 120 journal articles environmental flows their impacts, employing notion telecoupling a...

How do governance arrangements affect perceptions of legitimacy and effectiveness amongst non-state actors? This is a pertinent question as the roles actors have been strengthened in global climate governance. In this paper, we focus on how involved processes perceive trade-offs specific factors that risk undermining potential those arrangements. We argue different rules procedural generate soc...

In the recent decades, growth of overall world trade has been driven in large part by the rapid growth of trade in intermediate inputs. This input trade results in part from multinational firms choosing to outsource input processing to their foreign affiliates, thereby creating global production networks in which each actor is vertically specialized. In this paper, we use firm-level data on U.S...

In recent decades, growth of overall world trade has been driven in large part by the rapid growth of trade in intermediate inputs. Much of this input trade involves multinational firms locating input processing in their foreign affiliates, thereby creating global vertical production networks. In this paper, we use firm-level data on U.S. multinationals to examine trade in intermediate inputs f...

In this article, we offer a supply-side explanation of two striking patterns in European unemployment as compared with that of other member countries of the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). (See figure 1 and table 1.) The first pattern is that of average unemployment rates. These were similar for European and non-European OECD countries during the 1960s and 1970s, b...

We study the evolution of offshore renminbi trading between 2016 and 2019. The geographical pattern changes in during this period is different from one 2013 2016. 2016–2019 period, addition to previously reported convergence all currencies, affected by (geopolitical) disputes trade intensity. Further, China-specific RQFII investment quota arrangements market’s equity market capitalization level...