BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We examined the cytoprotective effect of the lipid peroxidation inhibitor tirilazad mesylate (U74006F) in rodent models of neocortical infarction induced by transient and permanent focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS Wistar rats (experiment 1) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (experiment 2) were subjected to 2 hours of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion followed...

Although the serine protease, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for therapy to combat focal cerebral infarction, the basic concept of thrombolytic tPA therapy for stroke was challenged by recent studies that used genetically manipulated tPA-deficient (tPA-/-) mice, which suggested that tPA mediates ischemic neuronal damage. However, those stu...

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) has been shown to be important in the evolution of stroke-associated cerebral edema. However, the role of AQP4 in stroke-associated cerebral edema as it pertains to sex has not been previously studied. The perivascular pool of AQP4 is important in the influx and efflux of water during focal cerebral ischemia. We used mice with targeted disruption of the gene encoding alpha-sy...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transient distal platelet accumulation after common carotid artery thrombosis (CCAT) leads to hemodynamic, metabolic, and molecular events that may influence the response of the postthrombotic brain to secondary insults. We investigated how a thromboembolic insult would affect histopathological outcome when combined with an ischemic insult induced 24 hours later. METHOD...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate focal iron deposition level in the brain in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and its correlation with cerebral small vessel disease imaging markers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-four patients with first-ever transient ischemic attack (median age: 69 years; 30 males and 44 females) and 77 patients with positive ischemic stroke hi...

increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines have been recorded after the onset  of transient  or  permanent  brain  ischemia and  are  usually associated with  exacerbation  of ischemic injury. embolic stroke model is more relevant to the pathophysiological situation in such  patients, because the  majority of  ischemic injuries in humans  are induced  by old thrombi that originate from the h...

BACKGROUND/AIMS There is increased amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) expression and amyloid-β protein (Aβ) production in the brain shortly following cerebral ischemic stroke in rodent models. It has been postulated that this may seed amyloid deposition in the brain. On the other hand, it remains unclear how cerebral ischemia affects preexisting Aβ deposits in the brain. Here we determine the c...