distance relays are used to protect ehv and hv transmission lines. over the past decades many algorithms have emerged for digital distance relays. these are based on the calculation of the transmission line impedance from the relaying to fault points. in this paper a novel method for digital distance relaying is proposed. in the method the tracking procedure is implemented. the method uses the ...

The industry has rapidly growth and energy supply technology advanced are become main factor which to contribute of the harmonic losses. This problem is one aspect that may affect the capability of the transmission line and also to the efficiency of electricity. This paper proposes a new scheme to allocate the cost pertaining to transmission loss due to harmonics. The proposed method, called as...

Article history: Received 25 December 2013 Received in revised form 22 February 2014 Accepted 26 February 2014 Available online 15 April 2014

Transmission line outage rates are fundamental to power system reliability analysis. Line outages infrequent, occurring only about once a year, so data limited. We propose Bayesian hierarchical model that leverages dependencies better estimate of individual transmission lines from limited data. The estimates have lower standard deviation than estimating the simply by dividing number years data,...

• Power plants, transmission lines and customers are distributed irregularly • Generation and transmission costs, as well as demand functions of customers differ by location • Transmission constraints may give market power for some firms in some regions S ystems Analysis Laboratory Helsinki University of Technology Student presentation Seminar on Modelling Electricity Markets 1998 / 6 Why two m...