The transport characteristics of water slugs in a bent gas channel of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell are numerically studied using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. To investigate the effects of channel cross-sectional shape in a channel flooding situation, the gas channels (GCs) with one rectangular and two trapezoidal cross sections are compared. Parametric studies are also co...

Micro hydropower helps the rural areas to supply power with off grid electrification. This study deals design of micro scheme in Gobecho kebele, Genale Dawa river basin, Ethiopia. The site for construction diversion weir is located upstream Ganga kebele. were implemented based on available hydrological data collected from 1991 2020 discharge at different stations by selecting one, which near ca...

Abstract—This study was conducted to evaluate the seismic performance of weir structures using two different approaches: i) design response spectrum with respect to KBC 2009 in Korea and ii) acceleration of time history (PGA, 0.3011 g) obtained from 1994 Northridge earthquake. This paper provided the simple linear elastic 2D plane strain FE model with the material nonlinearity including soil-fo...

Weirs, as overflow structures, are extensively used for the measurement of flow, its diversion and control in the open canals. Labyrinth weir due to more effective length than conventional weirs, allows passing more discharge in narrow canals. Determination the design criteria for the practical application of these weirs need more investigation. Weir angle and its position relative to the flow ...

An important feature of most rivers and canals is their habitats for a rich of aquatic vegetation which is extremely important from an environmental and ecological point of view. These variations in habitat mean that it is rare to find a cross-section of a natural channel which has the same roughness along its perimeter. In these channels, flow conditions lead to a complex flow situation with i...

In the scope of dam rehabilitation to manage floods increase or storage, Piano Key Weir is a good solution for concrete dams. The efficiency Weirs now well demonstrated through various experimental studies. Until most prototypes close Type A using symmetrical up- and downstream overhangs structural reasons. position influences inlet outlet key slopes cross section as side crest length influence...

Trapezoidal words are words having at most n+1 distinct factors of length n for every n ≥ 0. They therefore encompass finite Sturmian words. We give combinatorial characterizations of trapezoidal words and exhibit a formula for their enumeration. We then separate trapezoidal words into two disjoint classes: open and closed. A trapezoidal word is closed if it has a factor that occurs only as a p...

abstract weirs are the most common structures for discharge measurement in engineering research. streamline curvature, non hydrostatic pressure distribution on weir and nappe adherence to the weir lead to differences between calculated and measured discharges. thus discharge coefficient, which is the ratio of real and theoretic discharges, is usually less than unity. in circular weirs the press...

With respect to multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems in which the attribute value takes the form of intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy number, a new decision making analysis method is developed. Firstly, some operational laws and expected values of intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, and distance between two intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, are introduced, and the com...