Fishery-independent surveys provide valuable information about trends in population abundance for management of commercially important fish stocks. A critical component the relationship catches survey to size a stock is catch efficiency gear. Using general hierarchical model we estimated relative chain sweep rockhopper used by Northeast Fisheries Science Center bottom trawl from paired-gear exp...

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a promising management tool for the conservation and recovery of marine ecosystems, as well fishery management. MPAs generally established permanent closures but systems dynamic, which has generated debate in favour more dynamic designs. As consequence, identification priority should assess their persistence space time. Here, we develop step-by-step approach to...