The vertebrate diencephalic A11 system provides the sole dopaminergic innervation of hindbrain and spinal cord and has been implicated in modulation of locomotion and sensory processes. However, the exact contributions of sensory stimuli and motor behavior to A11 dopaminergic activity remain unclear. We recorded cellular calcium activity in four anatomically distinct posterior tubercular A11-ty...

The medications used to treat HIV and TB can result in significant adverse effects and drug interactions which can adversely impact the disease management. The objective of this study is to determine the adverse reactions to anti-tubercular drugs in these HIV/TB co-infected patients. A retrospective study of case record files of HIV/TB co-infected patients on anti-tubercular treatment was carri...

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100B and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in children with acute miliary tuberculosis and secondary tubercular meningitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS 28 children diagnosed with acute miliary tuberculosis and secondary tubercular meningitis were included into group A, 25 children diagnosed with pure acute miliary tuberculosis were incl...

Corticosteroids are often used as an adjunct in the treatment of various forms of tuberculosis (TB) and for the prevention of complications, such as constrictive pericarditis, hydrocephalus, focal neurological deficits, pleural adhesions, and intestinal strictures. Notwithstanding, they have been proven in clinical trials to improve the following outcomes only--death or disability in human immu...

s: Background:, Smoking increase the risk of tuberculosis 2-4 times , In our country half of tubercular death in men is attributed to smoking, around 17% smokers and 1/3 tubercular patients of the world reside here . Objective: To study the impact of smoking on sputum status and clinico radiological profile of tubercular patients. Method: We did a case control study , comprises in two groups , ...

in the present study, quantitative relationships between molecular structure and anti-tubercular activity of some 5-methyl/trifluoromethoxy-1 h -indole-2,3-dione-3-thiosemicarbazone derivatives were discovered. the detailed application of an efficient linear method and principal component regression (pcr) for the evaluation of quantitative structure activity relationships of the studied compound...

A middle-aged man with no symptom or history visited our hospital due to duodenal abnormality and fecal occult blood detected by health screening. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed marked enlargement of the papilla of Vater surrounded by nodules, and biopsy disclosed non-caseating granuloma. Colonoscopy yielded findings suggestive of intestinal tuberculosis such as annular ulcers. Examina...

A 12-year-old male child suffering from pain, redness, blurring and watering of right eye since six months was diagnosed as suffering from nodular episcleritis probably tuberculosis. Diagnosis was supported by the additional finding of enlarged cervical lymph node found on aspiration cytology. Complete resolution occurred after anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Tubercular uveitis (TBU) is a common cause of infectious uveitis in countries where tuberculosis is endemic. Molecular diagnostic techniques are the cornerstone of diagnosis as of now, as culture positivity has never been reported to date. With increasing reports of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) from various extrapulmonary sites and in the light of a recent case report (1), there is...