IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a recently described systemic fibro-inflammatory condition characterised by tumefactive lesions and dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates rich in IgG4-positive plasma cells [1]. IgG4RD has been described in a variety of organ systems, including the lacrimal gland, salivary gland, lungs, pancreas and kidneys, and often responds favourably to corticosteroids. The p...

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BACKGROUND Preoperative fasting is a requirement to be made by anesthesiologists, but they generally depend on nurses to ensure it is carried out by patients. Lack of updated knowledge among nurses may cause complications. METHOD The objective of this study was to understand the knowledge of nurses about preoperative fasting. The multi-unit study was conducted in the units of our hospitals us...

Neurology 2012;79:496–497 In this issue of Neurology, Politis et al.1 utilized brain PET and the radioligand C-PK11195 to estimate expression of the translocator protein 18 kD (TSPO) as a marker of activated microglia in a cohort of 18 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 8 healthy controls. In patients with MS, they found that increased PK11195 binding in the cortical gray matter (GM), bu...

We report a 35-year-old healthy male who developed central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease consistent with tumefactive multiple sclerosis. About 2 weeks after onset of symptoms and prior to initiation of therapy, the patient had lymphopenia and low CD4 and CD8 levels. His lymphocyte count was 400 cells/µl (850-3,900 cells/µl), CD4 was 193 cells/µl (490-1,740 cells/µl) and CD8 ...

We report a case of multiple sclerosis-associated fulminant tumefactive demyelinating lesion (TDL) with the special feature of delayed humoral immune response. Plasma exchange (PE) yielded significant benefit in two consecutive steroid-unresponsive relapses, while signs of an intrathecal B-cell response were only present 2 years later at the second relapse. Remission was achieved and sustained ...