BACKGROUND The objective was to review all available literature concerning Type D (distressed) personality among the general population and to discuss its implications for research on health status, disease-promoting mechanisms and work-related problems in non-clinical populations. METHODS A computerized search of the literature was performed independently and in duplicate by both investigato...

BACKGROUND Emotional distress has been related to mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), but little is known about the role of personality in long-term prognosis. We postulated that type-D personality (the tendency to suppress emotional distress) was a predictor of long-term mortality in CHD, independently of established biomedical risk factors. METHODS We studied 268 men an...

BACKGROUND Selection bias constitutes a major issue in research using volunteers as study participants. PURPOSE We examined whether research in partners may affect participation rates of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) patients with a Type D personality (joint presence of negative affectivity and social inhibition). METHOD Patients who underwent ICD implantation between May 200...

BACKGROUND Type D personality has been proposed as a prognostic indicator for mortality in cardiovascular disease. Most research examining this construct originates from one research group, and it is critical that the predictive value of Type D personality for adverse outcomes is independently cross-validated. This study examined its prognostic value in heart failure, relative to B-type natriur...

OBJECTIVE Type-D or "distressed" personality and depression following admission for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have been associated with poor clinical outcome. The biological pathways underpinning this relationship may include disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. We therefore assessed cortisol output in patients who had recently suffered from ACS. METHOD Sali...

OBJECTIVE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been observed in cardiac patients, but little is known about PTSD in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) patients. We examined the prevalence and predictors (clinical variables, personality, and anxiety) of PTSD in ICD patients. METHOD Three hundred ninety-five ICD patients (20.1% female; mean age = 62.8 ± 10.3 years) from two Dutch ...

Psychological stress and type D personality have been associated with adverse cardiac prognosis, but little is known about their relative effect on the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). "Type D" refers to the tendency to experience negative emotions and to inhibit the expression of these emotions in social interactions. We investigated the relative effect of stress and type D person...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the putative association between type-D personality and suicidality, including the history of suicide attempt and suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS Eighty-six outpatients aged between 18 and 65 years with MDD were recruited for this study from Ilsan Paik Hospital. The cohort was stratified into two subgroups according...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise therapy on glucose, TNF-α and IL-6 blood levels in middle-aged women. [Subjects] A total of 46 participants were assigned to four groups: Type D personality+Exercise (n=12), Type D+no-Exercise (n=12), not-Type D+Exercise (n=12), and not-Type D+no-Exercise (n=10). [Methods] Blood glucose was measured by the hexokinase...

OBJECTIVE Although Type D personality has been associated with the prognosis of various cardiac diseases, few studies have investigated the influence of Type D personality on the cardiac and psychiatric prognoses of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS Depression, anxiety, and quality of life were measured at baseline and 6 months. The recurrence of AF was measured during 1-year fo...