The basic principles of ultrasonic B-mode imaging aresummarized. Tissue features that generate contrast andsystem features that control image quality are reviewed inthe context of breast cancer imaging. Approaches to signalmodeling, including B-mode and Doppler techniques, arereviewed to guide methodological design and clinical eval-uation. The article concludes with a b...

BACKGROUND Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents one of the most prevalent congenital malformations. However, few studies use whole-population screening by colour Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic system to identify CHD among live infants. We estimate the prevalence of CHD and its major risk indicators among infants aged less than 6 months in urban Tianjin, China. METHODS A colour Doppler ult...

Cervical Carotid Imaging With a ContinuousWave Doppler Flowmeter • A noninvasive technique for carotid arteriography using an ultrasonic directional Doppler flowmeter to image the carotid bifurcations is described. The technique uses a position sensing arm to hold the sharply focusing probe and translates the position of arterial flow onto an image storage screen. By multiple manual sweeps acro...

Cuff occlusion pressures using the ultrasonic Doppler machine were recorded in 30 normal legs and in 90 legs with peripheral vascular disease. With this technique it was possible to show obstructions to the circulation above and below the inguinal ligament.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate damage effect of High-intensity focused ultrasound on early stage endometrial cancer tissues and their vascularities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rabbit endometrial cancer models were established via tumor blocks implantation for a prospective control study. Ultrasonic ablation efficacy was evaluated by pathologic and imaging changes. The target lesions of experimental rabbit...

ABSTRACT Local measurements and 3-D CFD simulations in GasLiquid cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) separators are scarce. The main objective of this study is to conduct local measurements and 3-D CFD simulations to understand the swirling flow behavior in a cylindrical cyclone with one inclined tangential inlet. Axial and tangential velocities and turbulent intensities across the GLCC diameter (ID=3.5...

A new measurement technique is being developed by NASA to measure off-surface flow fields. This method, Doppler global velocimetry, will allow quantification of complex three-dimensional flow fields at video camera rates. The entire flow field structure within a selected plane is measured simultaneously rather than by scanned, point-by-point measurements using conventional laser velocimetry. To...

A series of measurements of trailing vortices behind lifting hydrofoils is described. These measurements were made in the Caltech Free-Surface Water Tunnel, using a laser-Doppler velocimeter to measure two components of velocity in the vortex wake. Two different model planforms were tested, and measurements were made a t several free-stream velocities and angles of attack for each. Velocity pro...