Small (<30 g) juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) possess retinal photoreceptor mechanisms sensitive to light in the near ultraviolet, short (blue), middle (green) and long (red) wavelengths. During normal development, the ultraviolet cone mechanism gradually disappears until, by approximately 60&shy;80 g, individuals are no longer sensitive in the ultraviolet. This shift in spectral s...

BACKGROUND The role played by vitamin D in atopic dermatitis is controversial and has been the focus of many studies. The ultraviolet index has not been considered in this type of research. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study were to assess 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] serum level in atopic dermatitis patients and control group, to investigate the association between atopic dermatitis cl...

The formation of fatty acid esters of vitamin D3 was demonstrated in rat skin exposed to artificial ultraviolet rays by using multi-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This result indicated that the fatty acid esters of 7-dehydrocholesterol in rat skin (at least 80% of 7-dehydrocholesterol in rat ski...

Using recent measurements of ultraviolet interstellar polarization, we have examined its relationship to ultraviolet extinction and to polarization and extinction measurements in the visible and infrared. The relationship between the relative amount of ultraviolet polarization and the parameter determined j max , using only visible data, is conÐrmed and strengthened, for example, by a tight cor...

Exposure to ultraviolet-B radiation impairs cellular immune responses. This immunosuppression seems to be associated with Langerhans cell migration. DNA damage appears to play a key role because enhanced nucleotide excision repair, a pathway essential for elimination of ultraviolet-B-induced DNA lesions, strongly counteracts immunosuppression. To determine the effect of DNA repair on ultraviole...

in the near future, design of a new generation of drugs targeting proteins will be required. considering the complex bond between the drug and protein, the structure and stability of the target protein should be considered. so far, a series of in vitro investigations have been conducted with the aim of predicting drug-biological medium interactions. in these studies, use of spectroscopic method...

Near-ultraviolet (UV-A: 315-400 nm), "black-light," electric lamps were invented in 1935 and ultraviolet insect light traps (ILTs) were introduced for use in agriculture around that time. Today ILTs are used indoors in several industries and in food-service as well as in outdoor settings. With recent interest in photobiological lamp safety, safety standards are being developed to test for poten...

This study examines the effects of ecologically important levels of ultraviolet B radiation on protein D1 turnover and stability and lateral redistribution of photosystem II. It is shown that ultraviolet B light supported only limited synthesis of protein D1, one of the most important components of photosystem II, whereas it promoted significant degradation of proteins D1 and D2. Furthermore, d...

A considerable interest is growing worldwide about the photobiological effects of the ultraviolet radiation; in fact, it has been demonstrated that ultraviolet radiation can affect both human health as well as the equilibrium of entire ecosystems. The relative effectiveness of ultraviolet radiation at a particular wavelength in producing a specific biological response is defined by an action sp...

Many neurons receive synapses in stereotypic proportions from converging but functionally distinct afferents. However, developmental mechanisms regulating synaptic convergence are not well understood. Here we describe a heterotypic mechanism by which one afferent controls synaptogenesis of another afferent, but not vice versa. Like other CNS circuits, zebrafish retinal H3 horizontal cells (HC) ...