Legal standards for HIV testing are evolving in an attempt to achieve an ethical equilibrium between the privacy rights of infected or potentially infected individuals and public health considerations that seek to limit the spread and severity of the disease through early recognition and treatment. Although guided by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations, these standards...

Uraria picta leaf-pair unrolling inside out is a remarkable feat. A leaf-pair was investigated to understand the mechanism of spontaneous reverse inside out act of the plant. The upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces of the leaf-pair were examined using scanning and light microscopy. The scan showed diversity of hairs varying in shape from straight, pointed, curve, and club to hook. Ther...

We examined partner notification among syphilitic pregnant women in Nairobi. At delivery, 377 women were found to be rapid plasma reagin (RPR) reactive. Data were available for 94% of the partners of women who were tested during pregnancy; over 67% of the partners had received syphilis treatment while 23% had not sought treatment mainly because they felt healthy. Six per cent of the women had n...

The people who have to choose a given name, know how challenging it is to find a suitable name that fits the social context, the language, the cultural background, and especially, the personal taste. For example, future parents end up browsing through several lists of given names in order to choose a name for their unborn child. A recommender system can help a person in this task by recommendin...

QUESTION A healthy woman with mild to moderate asthma came to my clinic today after learning that she was pregnant. She inquired about continuing her inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) medication and whether there would be any risks to her unborn child if she were to do so. What would you advise? ANSWER Given the published evidence, ICSs should be continued throughout pregnancy at low to moderate d...

This report describes a case of Toxoplasma encephalitis during pregnancy of an HIV infected woman who was severely immunosuppressed (CD(4): 17 cells/mm3), had a high viral load (RNA PCR:230,000 copies/ml), was treated with sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine and folinic acid for toxoplasmosis and was being treated with highly potent antiretroviral drugs (AZT, 3TC and nelfinavir) for HIV infection. The ...

Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke is known to have deleterious effects on the developing fetus, but it has only recently been shown that there may be life-long consequences due to genotoxic damage. Analysis of newborn cord bloods with the GPA somatic mutation assay demonstrates a significant effect of maternal active smoking and suggests that similar mutational induction occurs in mothers who ...

More than 6% of adolescent females become pregnant in the United States per year, yet there is no concise guide for their dental treatment. The principles for medical management of these patients are not unlike those used for adult females, but the higher incidence of complications coupled with social and consent issues make their overall management more complex. Whether treating a pregnant ado...

Clinical medicine has improved the survival from cancers in childhood and young adulthood, leading invariably to the consideration of pregnancy in treated women. Prior therapy may have residual pathophysiologic effects that make pregnancy in cancer survivors complicated. In addition, pregnancy-related bodily changes may also make surveillance for recurrent malignancy challenging. Furthermore, p...

49 contributors the book has been completely rewritten and embraces a wide field of the subject ranging from the care of the unborn child to the supervision of the adolescent, and from the infant feeding to the management of behaviour disorders. Subjects like physical, mental and emotional development, the part played by heredity, nutritional requirements and feeding of children, formation of h...