Roman arena games essentially consisted of gladiator fights on life or death, cruel executions of delinquents, and chases with wild animals. Millions of humans and millions of animals were killed in the arenas during the Imperial period. This article shows that the mentioned elements of the games are found in most pre-modern societies around the globe since the oldest times, both in ancient civ...

The line between lifestyle and social identity in sociology is based on the distinction between traditional and modern society. In traditional societies lifestyle and social identity are based on their related features. However, in this regard, in terms of time precedence, modern societies mainly offer two different answers, each based on different theoretical approaches. The first and the olde...

nowadays entrepreneurship is known as the engine of growth and development in societies and organizations indeed, the process of establishing a career is based on an innovative idea. in this paper, we have sought to review the concept and the importance of entrepreneurship in the current world economic situation.  additionally, we discuss the role of religions in entrepreneurship and (with emph...

One of the characteristics of the modern international systems is the undeniable role the new communication technologies play in different sections of human societies. Modern communication technologies such as satellites and computers have challenged the national authority and sovereignty of Vestfallian states.  Although national states, specially, in the third world countries, extremely resist...

Mozambique has the trappings of a progressive African state: abundant gas and coal resources, expanding foreign direct investment, aid from international donors, decade political stability, social welfare for her most vulnerable. However, ranks among least developed nations on continent (World Bank 2018; UNHDI 2018). This study investigated why resource-rich, democratic is underdeveloped, aid-d...

F amilies are essentially care institutions that vary across cultures and change over time. Their essential function, historically, has been to contribute to the basic economic survival of family members; thus, the structure of families often adapts to the economy, and cultural ideologies and laws are created to reinforce that adaptation. Over time, societies grow and become more complex and st...

We saw above the substantial increase in output per person that occurred in Britain in the Industrial Revolution, and the rapid spread of the new techniques of the Industrial Revolution to other countries in Western Europe in the mid-nineteenth century. We also saw in Figure 1 in chapter 6 that the increase in output led to at least modest gains in real wages by the 1840s. Yet one of the most a...

A mean-field like stochastic evolution equation with growth and reset terms (LGGR model) is used to model wealth distribution in modern societies. The stationary solution of the leads an analytical form for density function that successful describing observed data all categories. In limit high values proposed has accepted Tsallis-Pareto shape. Our results are agreement predictions earlier appro...