the objective of the present paper is to shed some light on peer feedback in efl writing courses. in recent years, with regard to teaching writing, there has been a total shift of approach, from product-orientation to process-orientation. a key component of the latter is peer assessment in which learners read each other's compositions and provide feedback to the writer, based on the teache...

researchers have suggested that interactional feedback which is between teacher and learner during their writing is associated with l2 learning because it prompts learners to notice l2 forms. this paper reports a classroom-based study that investigated the role of feedback in socio-cultural theory. in this study, 12 efl learners performed on three writing tasks and were provided with a three-st...

introduction: feedback cards are recommended as a feasible tool for structured written feedback delivery in clinical education while effectiveness of this tool on the medical students’ performance is still questionable. the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of structured written feedback by cards as well as verbal feedback versus verbal feedback alone on the clinical performance ...

L2 written corrective feedback has been investigated from different perspectives in SLA research (e.g. Ahmadian & Tajabadi, 2015; Bitchener & Knoch, 2010; Ferris, 2006). Taking the cognitive and sociocultural paradigms into account, the aims of the current study are twofold: Firstly, it attempts to find if corrective feedback is effective in improving the linguistic accuracy of L2 learners' ten...

Keyword Spotting is a well-known method in document image retrieval. In this method, Search in document images is based on query word image. In this Paper, an approach for document image retrieval based on keyword spotting has been proposed. In proposed method, a framework using relevance feedback is presented. Relevance feedback, an interactive and efficient method is used in this paper to imp...

The spectral emphasis value and the effect of focus on it for bi-syllabic words are investigated in Mandarin in this paper. It is found that, the spectral emphasis value of the onset is larger than that of the rhyme. The spectral emphasis value of the onset of the first syllable is larger than that of the second under unfocused condition, due to intervocalic voicing. The emphasis degree of the ...

This paper takes an empirical approach to evaluating three model-based reinforcementlearning methods. All methods intend to speed the learning process by mixing exploitation of learned knowledge with exploration of possibly promising alternatives. We consider -greedy exploration, which is computationally cheap and popular, but unfocused in its exploration effort; R-Max exploration, a simplifica...

Noncollinear second-harmonic-generation (SHG) processes involving an unfocused laser beam and its scattered radiation can act to produce one or more cones of phase-matched second harmonic, resulting in rings on an observation screen. We calculate expressions for the ring parameters (center and radius) for types I and II uniaxial crystals in terms of the crystal indices of refraction and geometr...

We describe how optical contact lithography based on plasmon particle array masks allows generation of a large number of different subwavelength exposure patterns using a single mask. Within an exact point dipole model, we study the local response of silver particles in small two-dimensional arrays with 50-200 nm spacing. We show how illumination with unfocused light allows optically addressing...