Liquid waste of food industry enterprises contains various valuable organic substances natural origin, which can be rationally used to obtain feed proteins. The problem using from solves the biotechnological methods in order use accumulating biomass, enzymes, vitamins, etc. biomass unicellular microorganisms formed process cultivation a raw material for obtaining additives and other biologicall...

Biological nitrogen (N2) fixation is important in controlling biological productivity and carbon flux in the oceans. Unicellular N2-fixing cyanobacteria have only recently been discovered and are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical seas. Metagenomic analysis of flow cytometry-sorted cells shows that unicellular N2-fixing cyanobacteria in "group A" (UCYN-A) lack genes for the oxygen-e...

The genetic effective population size (N(e)) of a species is an important parameter for understanding evolutionary dynamics because it mediates the relative effects of selection. However, because most N(e) estimates for unicellular organisms are derived either from taxa with poorly understood species boundaries or from host-restricted pathogens and most unicellular species have prominent phases...

The green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii occupies a unique position among photosynthetic organisms. Although its photosynthetic function is very similar to that of vascular plants, it combines the advantages of unicellular organisms, which include fast growth under controlled environmental conditions with highly sophisticated genetics of the nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial c...

Unicellular, planktonic, prokaryotic and eukaryotic photoautotrophs (phytoplankton) have an ancient evolutionary history on Earth during which time they have played key roles in the regulation of marine food webs, biogeochemical cycles, and Earth's climate. Since they represent the basis of aquatic ecosystems, the manner in which phytoplankton die critically determines the flow and fate of phot...

Anaerobic metabolic pathways allow unicellular organisms to tolerate or colonize anoxic environments. Over the past ten years, genome sequencing projects have brought a new light on the extent of anaerobic metabolism in eukaryotes. A surprising development has been that free-living unicellular algae capable of photoautotrophic lifestyle are, in terms of their enzymatic repertoire, among the bes...

We show that the predicted protein levels of functionally related proteins change in a coordinated fashion over many unicellular organisms. For each protein, we created a profile containing a protein abundance measure in each of a set of organisms. We show that for functionally related proteins these profiles tend to be correlated. Using the Codon Adaptation Index as a predictor of protein abun...

Abstract Unicellular diazotrophs are recognized as important contributors to the aquatic nitrogen cycle. Yet, quantifying number of diazotrophs, especially unicellular fraction, is highly challenging and relies mostly on microscopical molecular approaches. In this study, a new flow cytometry-based method was developed quantify by immunolabeling nitrogenase enzyme. The quantification initially u...

Molecular phylogenies support a common ancestry between animals (Metazoa) and Fungi, but the evolutionary descent of the Metazoa from single-celled eukaryotes (protists) and the nature and taxonomic affiliation of these ancestral protists remain elusive. We addressed this question by sequencing complete mitochondrial genomes from taxonomically diverse protists to generate a large body of molecu...

The vasculature of the zebrafish trunk is composed of tubes with different cellular architectures. Unicellular tubes form their lumen through membrane invagination and transcellular cell hollowing, whereas multicellular vessels become lumenized through a chord hollowing process. Endothelial cell proliferation is essential for the subsequent growth and maturation of the blood vessels. However, h...