Mechanisms and protocol interactions for seamless handover of mobile multicast/broadcast services using unidirectional access networks in heterogeneous Mobile IP infrastructures are discussed and proposed. QoS based applications, such as content delivery, mobile TV, carousel and reliable downloads, requiring interaction channel, are considered, as well as recent standardization efforts for conv...

application of constraintbased reasoning to parametric engineering design (Murtagh 1991).1 It deals with the practical application of constraint networks, using automated reasoning to overcome some of the blind spots in conventional iterative design. Parametric engineering design refers to routine-level design (Brown and Chandrasekaran 1985) in which the parameters and variables describing the ...

As a system using a conventional unidirectional air turbine in oscillating water column (OWC) based on a wave energy plant, a twin unidirectional impulse turbine topology has been suggested in previous studies. However, the average efficiency of the suggested twin turbine is considerably lower than that of a conventional unidirectional turbine in this topology because reciprocating air flow can...

When a system is divided into blocks B 1 B2..Bk..B m such that the existence of failure in B k will not interfare required performance of blocks B 1 B2... and Bk_l, then these blocks are called unidirectional blocks. To determine failure elements in a system, unidirectional blocks B 1 B2... will be tested one by one in the order to find a block containin~ failure first, then diagnose the block ...

A unidirectional heap is a heap where all pointers go in one direction, e.g. from newer to older objects. For a strict functional language, such as Erlang, the heap may be arranged so that it is unidirectional. We here present a compacting garbage collection algorithm which utilizes the fact that a heap is unidirectional. Only one memory space is used in our algorithm. In fact, no extra memory ...

The optical spectrum of monolithic Semiconductor Ring Lasers (SRLs) is measured simultaneously for both lasing directions with a grating-based OSA, in the regimes of bidirectional and unidirectional operation. In the unidirectional operation regime the SMSR is larger than 25 dB, and the directional extinction ratio (i.e., the ratio of the power emitted in the two opposite directions) is larger ...

this study attempts to investigate the effect of oil returns and external debt on the government expenditure in syria over the period 1970-2010. the johansen cointegration test showed that oil returns and external debt have a positive and significant long run relationship with government expenditure. the granger causality test indicates unidirectional short-run causality relationships running f...

the changing of round and back vowel /u/ to unround and front vowel [i] occurs in lori dialects as well as some other persian dialects. this vowel change includes both unrounding and fronting. this paper aimed at coming up with an inclusive ranking of constraints to explain occurrence and nonoccurrence of this vowel change in various phonological environments in silahkori dialect within optimal...

The class of (n, k)-star graphs and their unidirectional version were introduced as generalizations of star graphs and unidirectional star graphs respectively. In this paper, we substantially improved previously known bound for the the diameter of unidirectional (n, k)-star graphs. The previous bound was 10k−5 for small k and 5k+5b(n−1)/2c for large k; the new bound is 7(k−3)+18. In addition, a...

Purpose – The non-storable nature of electricity and the increasing complexity of financial instruments as a tool for hedging against risk make the area of research very useful in the real world. Many power portfolio optimization problems have been developed to combat the issue of risk tolerance, but very few (if any) have included transmission constraints. The purpose of this paper is to consi...