This paper studies the use of hypothetical and value-based reasoning in US Supreme-Court cases concerning the United States Fourth Amendment. Drawing upon formal AI & Law models of legal argument a semi-formal reconstruction is given of parts of the Carney case, which has been studied previously in AI & law research on case-based reasoning. The result is compared with Rissland’s (1989) analysis...

The recent deliberation by the United States Supreme Court regarding the use of lethal injection for executions has raised public awareness regarding the technique itself and any similarity with clinical anesthesia. This paper reviews the issues, with an emphasis in utilizing lay terms, to provide information and reference to professionals and lay persons interested in the subject of lethal inj...

In Jam v International Finance Corporation (Jam case), the United States (US) Supreme Court (Supreme Court) applied a dynamic approach in interpreting Organizations Immunities Act (IOIA) and found that immunity of international organizations (IOs) foreign sovereign shall be continuously equivalent. case interpreted US domestic law depth but did not carry out detailed analysis IO under law. This...

In the case of Beal v. Doe, decided in 1977, the US Supreme Court ruled that states could constitutionally restrict money from Medicaid from funding elective abortions. After the 1973 case Roe v. Wade [2], in which the US Supreme Court had ruled that women have rights to terminate pregnancies within the first trimester [3], the state of Pennsylvania passed legislation that restricted the use of...

S ome Supreme Court rulings decide comparatively isolated legal issues, such as whether religious figures can be placed on the front lawn of a county courthouse without violating the First Amendment. Other Supreme Court rulings decide legal issues which, while certainly important in their own right, have significant and far-reaching legal and/or public policy consequences. Gobeille v. Liberty M...

In the case of Beal v. Doe, decided in 1977, the US Supreme Court ruled that states could constitutionally restrict money from Medicaid from funding elective abortions. After the 1973 case Roe v. Wade [2], in which the US Supreme Court had ruled that women have rights to terminate pregnancies within the first trimester [3], the state of Pennsylvania passed legislation that restricted the use of...

The development of critical race theory points to a new direction taken by civil rights activists in the wake of civil rights setbacks in the 1970s and 1980s when ofacial government policy no longer supported an expansive civil rights agenda. The United States Supreme Court began limiting and eviscerating precedents that once promised full equality for African Americans under the law. Critical ...

The generic drug industry, which is estimated to save American consumers $10 billion a year,1 owes much of its current market success to Congress’s enactment of the Hatch-Waxman Act in 1984.2 The Hatch-Waxman Act sought to achieve a delicate balance, one where Americans could obtain unprecedented access to low-cost prescription medicine without somehow undermining the incentive of brand name dr...

The legal system prides itself on rigorous issues analysis, logical thought processes and comprehensive use of factual data in cases involving the social sciences. Since the famed" Brandeis brief' was filed with the United States Supreme Court in Lochner v. New York' some 50 years ago, the employment of social science data in public policy cases has been a benchmark of the appellate court proce...