When considering whether intelligent life in the universe is rare, researchers often turn to existence of Homo sapiens demonstrate their point. But this example biological evolution contingent and self-referential. It a moot point when discussing chances its occurrence anywhere outside earth.

If the Universe contains at least one inflationary domain with a sufficiently large and homogeneous scalar field φ, then this domain permanently produces new inflationary domains of all possible types. We show that under certain conditions this process of the self-reproduction of the Universe can be described by a stationary distribution of probability, which means that the fraction of the phys...