How can employees be stopped from engaging in unsafe work practices? It is often easier to prevent employees from performing unsafe acts through manipulations of the work environment than through various training or motivational programs. Therefore, it is important that accident prevention programs seek to identify the reasons for the unsafe behavior and to redesign tasks and the work environme...

Time manipulation, typically done using gettime() and settime(), happens extensively across all software layers in smartphones, from the kernel, to the framework, to millions of apps. This paper presents the first study of a new class of software bugs on smartphones called sleep-induced time bugs (SITB). SITB happens when the phone is suspended, due to the aggressive sleeping policy adopted in ...

Since the 1980s biotechnology has been promoted as a symbol of European progress. As a clean technology, agbiotech was meant to enhance efficient agri-production and thus fulfil the beneficent promise of a European Biosociety, like its counterpart of the Information Society. By the early 1990s biotech symbolised the ‘knowledge-based society’ and eventually the Lisbon agenda. At the 2000 Lisbon ...

Artificial sweeteners or intense sweeteners are sugar substitutes that are used as an alternative to table sugar. They are many times sweeter than natural sugar and as they contain no calories, they may be used to control weight and obesity. Extensive scientific research has demonstrated the safety of the six low-calorie sweeteners currently approved for use in foods in the U.S. and Europe (ste...

This paper presents a mechanism for modeling timing, precedence, and data-consistency constraints on concurrently executing processes. The model allows durations and intervals between events to be speciied. An algorithm is provided to detect schedules which may be unsafe with respect to the constraints. This work, motivated by the design and validation of autonomous error-recovery strategies on...

Memory corruption vulnerabilities are endemic to unsafe languages, such as C, and they can even be found in safe languages that themselves are implemented in unsafe languages or linked with libraries implemented in unsafe languages. Robust compilation mitigates the threat of linking with memory-unsafe libraries. The source language is a Clike language, enriched with a notion of a component whic...

Higher-order grammars have been extensively studied in 1980’s and interests in them have revived recently in the context of higher-order model checking and program verification, where higher-order grammars are used as models of higher-order functional programs. A lot of theoretical questions remain open, however, for unsafe higher-order grammars (grammars without the so-called safety condition)...

During the past year, a group has argued that unsafe injections are a major if not the main mode of HIV-1 transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. We review the main arguments used to question the epidemiological interpretations on the lead role of unsafe sex in HIV-1 transmission, and conclude there is no compelling evidence that unsafe injections are a predominant mode of HIV-1 transmission in sub...

OBJECTIVES We aimed at testing a model of the direct and indirect effects of being a part-time farmer on the probability of being involved in an agricultural machinery-related accident, considering the role played by unsafe beliefs and the frequency of use of machinery. METHODS Two-hundred and fifty-two Italian men, regular users of agricultural machinery (age: Mean = 45.1 years, standard Dev...

Malawian women in all sectors of society are suffering from social implications of unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion. Unwanted pregnancies occur among women who have limited access to family planning and safe abortion. A legally restrictive setting for safe abortion services leads many women to unsafe abortion, which has consequences for them and their families. In-depth interviews were co...