Short-time exposure to air pollutants and in particular to sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and photochemical oxidants may cause respiratory symptoms similar to acute bronchial asthma. In healthy adults however the concentrations required to evoke significant bronchial obstruction lie still above the level of atmospheric air pollution usually observed in our country. In contrast patients with pr...

The calculation of pollution mass balances is explained with reference to modelling indoor air quality in museums, and the implication of pollution deposition on building interior and museum objects is discussed. A short overview of the museum environments key pollutants and their effect on materials are given. Case studies, which compare buildings with and without air-filtration, old and new b...

Both the prevalence and severity of respiratory allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma have increased in recent years. Among the factors implicated in this "epidemic" are indoor and outdoor airborne pollutants. Urbanisation with its high levels of vehicle emissions and Westernised lifestyle parallels the increase in respiratory allergy in most industrialised countries, and people who live i...

Air pollution is the major concern and challenge of Tehran urban areas’ management. Various rules, regulation, and laws had been codifiesd on this matter. In present research, the enforcement of laws and regulation concerning air pollution in the field of land-use and transportation is being addressed. The purpose of this article is to suggest an applicable (applied) framework embracing a descr...

This paper examines conditions under which domestic political institutions mediate the effect of trade competition on regulatory races in the environmental area. We focus on the role of domestic veto players in shaping governments' policy responses to trade competition which are reflected eventually in air (Sulphur dioxide, SO2) and water pollution (Biochemical Oxygen Demand, BOD) intensity lev...

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between daily changes in respiratory health and air pollution in 489 adults, aged 50-70 yrs, with and without chronic respiratory symptoms, living in urban and nonurban areas in the Netherlands. Subjects were selected from the general population with a screening questionnaire. During three consecutive winters starting in 1992/1993, peak e...

Recently, indoor air quality has attracted the attention of policymakers and researchers as a critical issue like that of external air pollution. Indoor air quality is more important as people spend time longer indoors than outdoors. Indoor environments are closed compared to external environments providing less opportunity for the pollutants to dilute. The emissions contain many substances tha...

Nowadays many studies are conducted to develop solutions for improving the performance of urban traffic networks. One of the main challenges is the necessary cooperation among different entities such as vehicles or infrastructure systems and exploit the information available through networks of sensors deployed as infrastructures for smart cities. In this work an algorithm for cooperative contr...

We propose a new approach to assess the impact of traffic-related air pollution on public health by mapping personal trajectories using mobile phone tracking technology in an urban environment. Although this approach is not based on any empirical studies, we believe that this method has great potential and deserves serious attention. Mobile phone tracking technology makes it feasible to generat...

This study was carried out to analyze the variations of Benzene, Toluene, and para- Xylene (BTp-X) present in the urban air of Delhi. These pollutants can enter into the human body through various pathways like inhalation, oral and dermal exposure posing adverse effects on human health. Keeping in view of the above facts, six different locations of Delhi were selected for the study during summe...